| Description |
1 online resource (xvii, 323 pages) : illustrations |
| Contents |
Contributors -- Applications of Biotechnology for the Utilization of Renewable Energy Resources -- Introduction -- References -- Heat and Mass Transport in Processing of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Fuels and Chemicals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Macroscopic Transport Through Plant Tissues -- 3 Microscopic Transport Through Plant Cell Walls -- 4 Lignin Mobility and Impact on Biochemical Conversion -- 5 Rheology of Biomass Slurries and Implications for Mixing -- 6 Outlook for Challenges Associated with Transport Processes in Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass -- References -- Biofuels from Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 2.1 Natural Resource Limitation and Economic Security -- 2.2 Limitation of Mainstream Agricultural Crops for Biofuels -- 3 Potential of Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 4 Technical Issues at Present -- 5 Technical Details -- 5.1 Gasification of Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 5.1.1 Overview -- 5.1.2 Gasification Process -- 5.2 Syngas Generation -- 5.3 Liquid Fuels -- FT Liquids (Diesel), Ethanol or Butanol, Chemicals -- 6 Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Pretreatment Methods -- 6.3 Cellulose Hydrolysis -- 6.4 Fermentation (Including SSF and C5 and C6) -- 6.5 Butanol and Other Chemicals -- 6.6 Heat (Lignin) -- 7 Current Outcome of Technological Implementation -- 7.1 Current Technology and Commercialization -- 7.2 Major Industries and Technology Providers -- 8 Summary -- References -- Environmentally Sustainable Biofuels The Case for Biodiesel, Biobutanol and Cellulosic Ethanol -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Biodiesel -- 2.1 Background -- 2.2 Feedstock -- 2.3 Comparison of Technologies -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 Biobutanol -- 3.1 Background -- 3.2 Comparison of Processes -- 3.3 Summary -- 4 Cellulosic Ethanol -- 4.1 Background |
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4.2 Comparison of Pretreatment and Manufacturing Processes -- 4.3 Summary -- 5 Final Thoughts -- References -- Biotechnological Applications of Hemicellulosic Derived Sugars: State-of-the-Art -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 3 Technical Details Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Hemicellulose Hydrolysis -- 3.1.1 Dilute Acidic Hydrolysis -- 3.1.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis -- 3.2 Hemicellulose Hydrolysates into Products of Industrial Significance -- 3.2.1 Ethanol -- 3.2.2 Xylitol -- 3.3 2, 3-Butanediol -- 3.3.1 Microorganisms -- 3.3.2 Fermentation Methodologies -- 3.4 Other Products -- 4 Expert Commentary and Five-Year View -- References -- Tactical Garbage to Energy Refinery (TGER) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 TGER Retrofits -- 3.2 Modifications of Second Prototype -- 4 Current Outcome of Technical Implementation -- 4.1 General TGER Parameters -- 4.1.1 Consumables: -- 4.1.2 Logistical Overhead: -- 4.1.3 Safety and health risk: -- 4.1.4 Target MTBEFF: -- 4.2 Sub-system Specific Parameters Under Optimal Conditions Conus -- 5 Expert Commentary and Five Year View -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Production of Methane Biogas as Fuel Through Anaerobic Digestion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Microbiology Underpinning Anaerobic Digestion -- 3 Methane Biogas Production from Different Feedstocks -- 3.1 Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludge (Biosolids) -- 3.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Animal Manures -- 3.2.1 Animal Manure Dung and Poultry Litter -- 3.2.2 Dairy and Swine Manure Slurry -- 3.3 Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Food and Food-Processing Wastes, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes (OFMSW), and Crop Residues -- 3.4 Anaerobic Treatment of Organic Wastewaters -- 4 Drivers and Barriers for Commercial Implementation of Anaerobic Digestion to Convert Biomass Wastes to Renewable Energy |
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4.1 Drivers for Commercial Implementation of AD -- 4.2 Barriers to Commercial Implementation of AD -- 4.3 Tipping the Balance Between Drivers and Barriers -- 5 Future Perspective -- 5.1 Enhancing Biomass Conversion and Methane Production -- 5.2 Optimizing AD Process Stability -- 5.3 Better Knowledge on the Microbial Communities in Digesters -- 5.4 Strengthening the Drivers and Eliminating the Barriers -- References -- Waste to Renewable Energy: A Sustainable and Green Approach Towards Production of Biohydrogen by Acidogenic Fermentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fermentative Process of H2 Production -- 2.1 Biochemistry -- 2.2 Soluble Metabolic Acid Intermediates -- 3 Waste and Wastewater as Substrates for H2 Production -- 4 Factors Influencing the Fermentative H2 Production Process -- 4.1 Biocatalyst -- 4.2 pH -- 4.3 Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) -- 4.4 Temperature -- 4.5 Reactor Configuration and Operation -- 4.6 Substrate Loading Rate -- 4.7 Nitrogen and Phosphrous -- 5 Combined Process Efficiency -- 6 Limitations in Fermentative H2 Production -- 7 Strategies to Enhance Process Efficiency -- 7.1 Process Integration Approach -- 7.2 Microbial Electrolysis -- 7.3 Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Generation Utilizing Acid-Rich Effluents -- 7.4 Bioaugmentation -- 7.5 Self-immobilization of Biocatalyst -- 7.6 Activators to Enhance H2 Production -- 7.7 Molecular Engineering -- 8 Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Bioelectricity Generation from Acidogenic Fermentation -- 9 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Bacterial Communities in Various Conditions of the Composting Reactor Revealed by 16S rDNA Clone Analysis and DGGE -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 2.1 16S rRNA Gene (rDNA) Clone Analysis -- 2.2 Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) -- 2.3 Case Study -- 2.3.1 Different Conditions of the Reactor |
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2.3.2 Types of Bulking Agent -- Wood Chips or Polyethylene Terephthalate -- 2.3.3 Small-Scale and Large-Scale Reactor -- 3 Technical Details-Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Operation of the Reactors -- 3.2 Extraction of Community DNA from Samples -- 3.2.1 16S rDNA Clone Analysis -- 3.2.2 Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) -- 4 Current Outcome of Technological Implementation -- 5 Expert Commentary and 5 Year View -- References -- Perspectives on Bioenergy and Biofuels -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Biomass for Non-food Applications and Possible Adverse Effects -- 1.2 Food Production and Price Increases -- 1.3 Destruction of the Rainforest -- 1.4 Greenhouse Gases -- 1.5 Waste Biomass and Its Application for Energy and Fuels -- 1.6 Biomass to Liquids (BTL) -- 1.7 Biogas -- 1.8 Second Generation Bioethanol Production -- 1.9 Lignocellulose Pre-treatment for Bioethanol Production -- 1.10 (Ligno)Cellulose Hydrolysis -- 1.11 Fermentation of Sugars -- 2 Technical Details and Status of Technological Implementation -- 2.1 Q: Burn or Bioethanol? -- 2.2 Pretreatment -- 2.3 Pretreatment Experiments -- 2.4 Pretreatment Costs and Acid Recovery -- 2.5 Enzymatic Hydrolysis -- 2.6 Adding Value to Rest Streams -- 3 Commentary on Future Perspectives -- 3.1 Tackling Adverse Effects of the Use of Biomass for Non-food Applications -- 3.2 Use of the Correct Raw Materials and Technology at the Right Scale -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Perspectives on Chemicals from Renewable Resources -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Conversions of Fats and Oils -- 1.2 Carbohydrate Conversions -- 2 Conversions of Lignin -- 2.1 Amino Acid Conversions -- 2.2 Other Biomass Conversions -- 3 An Approach -- 4 Technical Details and Status of Technological Implementation -- 4.1 Possible Reactions of Amino Acids -- 5 Expert Commentary on Future Perspectives -- 5.1 Sourcing of Raw Materials |
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5.2 Protein Conversion to Amino Acids -- 5.3 Amino Acid Separation -- 5.4 Amino Acid Application and Modification -- References -- Microbial Lactic Acid Production from Renewable Resources -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Pretreatment -- 3.2 Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation -- 3.3 Separation -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Cheese Whey -- 4.2 Starchy Biomass -- 4.3 Lignocellulosic Biomass -- 5 Expert Commentary and 5 Year View -- References -- Microbial Production of Potent Phenolic-Antioxidants Through Solid State Fermentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 2.1 Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid (NDGA) -- 2.2 Gallic Acid -- 2.3 Ellagic Acid -- 3 Technical Details -- 4 Current Outcome of Technological Implementation -- 5 Current Commentary and 5 Year View -- References -- Photoautotrophic Production of Astaxanthin by the Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current Methodology for the Production of Haematococcus astaxanthin: The Two-Stage Approach -- 3 The Alternative: The One-Step Strategy -- References -- Enzymatic Synthesis of Heparin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Research -- 2.1 Structures and Biological Functions of HS -- 2.2 Biosynthesis of HS -- 2.3 The Role of HS/Heparin in Regulating the Blood Coagulation -- 2.4 Chemical Synthesis of Heparin/HS -- 2.5 Enzymatic Synthesis of Heparin/HS -- 3 Technical Details-Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Purification of Heparosan from E. coli -- 3.2 Expression of HS Biosynthetic Enzymes in E. coli -- 3.3 Coupling HS Sulfotransferase with a PAPS Regeneration System -- 4 Current Outcome of Technological Implementation -- 4.1 Enzymatic Synthesis of AT Binding Pentasaccharide -- 4.2 Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Anticoagulant HS from Heparosan -- 4.3 Enzymatic Redesign of HS |
| Summary |
This book offers a collection of outstanding research reports and reviews elucidating several broad-ranging areas of progress and challenges in the utilization of sustainable resources of renewable energy, especially in biofuels |
| Analysis |
biotechnologie |
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biotechnology |
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microbiologie |
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microbiology |
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energiebronnen |
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energy sources |
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biomedische wetenschappen |
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biomedicine |
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Medicine (General) |
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Geneeskunde (algemeen) |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Biomass energy.
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Biomass energy -- Environmental aspects
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Sustainable development.
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Biogas.
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Biofuels
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Conservation of Natrual Resources
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sustainable development.
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TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Chemical & Biochemical.
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Biomédecine.
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Sciences de la vie.
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Biomass energy
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Biomass energy -- Environmental aspects
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Sustainable development
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Singh, Om V.
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Harvey, Steven P.
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| ISBN |
9789048132959 |
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9048132959 |
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