| Description |
1 online resource (xv, 449 pages) |
| Contents |
Introduction -- Style in the rhetorical tradition -- Schools of Language analysis -- Rhetorical stylistics and literary stylistics -- pt. I. 1. Word choice -- 1. Language of origin -- Historical layers of English -- The Old English core -- The Norman French contribution -- The language of learning from Latin and Greek -- Incorporations from world contact -- An American vocabulary -- Homonyms and synonyms from different origins -- Clarity and sincerity : when core words dominate -- Elevation and panache : featuring French borrowings -- Formality and erudition : words from Latin and Greek -- Analyses with word origins -- 2. New words and changing uses -- From nonce constructions to wider use -- Foreign borrowings -- Compounds -- Free versus bound morphemes -- Adding prefixes and suffixes -- Prefixes that change meaning -- Suffixes that change use -- Derivational families -- Clipping -- Blends -- Conversions -- Catachresis -- Acronyms -- Proper names to common nouns -- Analogy -- Fabrication -- Onomatopoeia -- Taboo deformation -- Doubling -- Loss and migration -- Junk : a case study -- Accumulating senses -- 3. Categories of word choice -- Lexical field -- Level of generality -- Abstract versus concrete diction -- Levels of generality in argument -- Ad hoc levels of generality -- functional categories -- Taking a census of parts of speech -- Modern rhetoricians on word choice : Burke and Weaver -- 4. Language varieties -- Low, Middle, and High -- Geographical and social varieties of English -- Regiolects and sociolects -- Idiolects -- Registers : occupation, avocation, discipline -- Genre and register -- Shifting and mixing language varieties -- Language varieties and humor -- spoken versus written style -- Familiar language -- Prepared phrases, clichés, and idioms -- Maxims and proverbs -- Allusions -- 5. Tropes -- Synecdoche -- Metonymy -- Antonomasia -- Metaphor -- Extended metaphor and allegory -- Simile -- Full analogies -- Irony -- Irony in written texts -- Irony and intention -- The persuasive effects of irony -- Intolerable irony -- Hyperbole and litotes -- The amphiboly and paradox -- Paralepsis/praeteritio : denying while saying -- Grice's maxims and the detection of other meanings -- Analysis : women drivers -- 6. Figures of word choice -- Schemes of words -- Agnominatio -- Metaplasms : altering a single word -- Polyptoton -- spreading concepts through polyptoton -- Etymological arguments -- Ploce -- Antanaclasis (puns) -- The presence of the word -- Figures of sound -- Figures of word selection -- Synonyms (synonymia) -- Synonyms and conceptual drift -- Euphemism -- Correctio -- Emphasis (significatio) |
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pt. II. Sentences -- 7. Sentence basics: predication -- Active versus stative predication -- Subject choices -- Humans -- Rhetorical participants -- Things -- Abstractions -- Concepts -- Slot fillers -- Analyzing subject choices -- Verb choices -- Tense -- Aspect -- Mood -- Negation -- Modality -- Active versus passive voice -- In defense of the passive -- Semantic categories -- Analyzing verb choices -- Subject/verb analysis -- The North Pole -- A Trend at New Trier -- Nominal versus verbal style -- Nominalizations -- Personification (personae fictio) -- Personification in science -- Multiplying subjects and verbs -- 8. Sentence construction: modification -- Adverb clauses -- Adjective clauses -- Noun clauses -- The consequences of clause types : Kennedy's options -- Modifying with phrases -- Phrases built on verbs -- Participial phrases -- Infinitive phrases -- Phrases built on nouns -- Appositives -- Absolute phrases -- Resumptive modifiers -- Summative modifiers -- Prepositional phrases -- Single-word modifiers -- An epithetical style -- Multiplying and embedding modifiers -- Amount of modification -- Minimal modification -- Heavily modified styles -- Analyzing modification -- The Ubiquitous Saddam -- "To the People of Ireland" -- 9. Sentence architecture -- Emphasis -- Emphasis by position -- Emphasis by sentence rule -- Emphasis from inversions -- Combining sources of emphasis -- Placement of modifiers : branching left, right, and in the middle -- Loose and periodic sentences -- A periodic style -- A loose style -- Composition -- Iconic form -- Absence in words, presence in syntax -- The default form/meaning relationship -- 10. Figures of argument -- Parallelism -- In syllables (isocolon) -- In stress patterns -- In grammatical structure (parison -- From repetition -- Uses of parallelism in argument -- Comparison -- Induction -- Eduction -- Strategic repetition -- Antithesis : argument from opposites -- Antimetabole : argument from inversion -- Definition as a figure -- 11. Series -- Definition of a series -- Series and categorization -- Bracketing -- Series and order -- Item length and order -- Gradatio -- Series and conjunctions -- The overall length of series -- Opening up or shutting down -- 12. Prosody and punctuation -- Speech and writing -- Prosody -- Printing and punctuation -- Punctuation and meaning -- Figured prosody -- Passage prosody -- Variety in sentence length |
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pt. III. Interactive dimension -- 13. Speaker and audience construction -- Pronouns -- Uses of I -- Uses of you -- I to you : genres of fictional address -- Use of we -- The objective voice -- changing footing : managing the interactive dimension -- Pronoun analysis : Lincoln's First Inaugural -- Disidentification -- Figures of speaker/audience construction -- Calling on : apostrophe -- Partitioning the audience -- Purging the audience -- Frankness of speech : licentia -- Figuring speech acts -- Asking and answering questions -- Rogatio and formal arguments -- 14. Incorporating other voices -- Direct speech -- The stylization of direct speech -- Indirect speech -- Ambiguous zones in indirect speech -- Reporting speech acts -- Representing thoughts -- Texts as speakers and "text acts" -- Invented speakers -- Double voicing and heteroglossia -- Multivoicing : the blogger's specialty -- 15. Situation and occasion -- Immediate deixis -- Thematizing deixis -- Immediate deixis in written texts -- Occasion -- Constructing situations and occasions -- Exigence in written texts -- The Burkean Scene -- Imaginary deixis -- Demonstratio and descriptio -- Description and emotion -- Ekphrasis : the stand-alone description |
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pt. IV. Passage construction -- 16. Coherence -- Signs of cohesion -- Given/new or topic/comment patterns -- Interrupting the topic string -- Schemas and coherence -- Interclause meaning relations -- Inferred relations -- Signaled relations -- Combining sources of coherence -- Appendix : interclause meaning relations -- 17. Passage patterns -- Compositional units in the rhetorical tradition -- Syllogism and enthymeme -- Progymnasmatic patterns -- Comparison in different grain sizes -- Paragraphs -- Parataxis and hypotaxis -- Metadiscourse : figures of discourse management -- 18. Amplification -- Quintilian's methods of amplification -- Analysis with Quintilian's methods -- Copia and presence : multa de multis -- Erasmian methods for copia -- Epicheireme -- Diminishing -- Amplification and the sublime -- The last paragraph of On the Origin of Species -- On Darwin's word choices -- On Darwin's sentence architecture -- On Darwin's passage construction -- On Darwin's amplification and interaction with readers |
| Summary |
A comprehensive guide to the language of argument, Rhetorical Style offers a renewed appreciation of the persuasive power of the English language. Drawing on key texts from the rhetorical tradition, as well as on newer approaches from linguistics and literary stylistics, Fahnestock demonstrates how word choice, sentence form, and passage construction can combine to create effective spoken and written arguments. With examples from political speeches, non-fiction works, and newspaper reports, Rhetorical Style surveys the arguer's options at the word, sentence, interactive, and passage levels, and illustrates the enduring usefulness of rhetorical stylistics in analyzing and constructing arguments |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 419-434) and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Persuasion (Rhetoric)
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English language -- Rhetoric.
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English language -- Style.
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Exposition (Rhetoric)
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LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES -- Composition & Creative Writing.
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LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES -- Rhetoric.
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REFERENCE -- Writing Skills.
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Langage.
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Expression orale.
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Communication.
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Aspects psychologiques.
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Développement d'aptitudes.
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Exposition (Rhetoric)
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English language -- Rhetoric
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English language -- Style
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Persuasion (Rhetoric)
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Englisch
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Rhetorik
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Stilistik
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Övertalning.
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Engelska språket.
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Retorik.
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Stilistik.
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Englisch.
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9780199877331 |
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0199877335 |
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1283423545 |
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9781283423540 |
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9780199918928 |
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0199918929 |
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