CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- 1 Canada: A Forest Nation -- THE FORESTS OF CANADA -- THE FOREST: A COMPLEX COMMUNITY -- THE HARVESTING OF FOREST PRODUCTS -- THE RENEWABLE RESOURCE -- REFERENCES -- 2 Commercial Woods -- SOFTWOODS (CONIFEROUS SPECIES) -- HARDWOODS (DECIDUOUS SPECIES) -- REFERENCE -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- 3 The Structure of Wood -- TREE GROWTH -- Growth in Height -- Growth in Diameter -- CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD -- Sapwood and Heartwood -- Grain, Texture, and Figure -- Color and Luster -- Odor and Taste -- STRUCTURE OF WOOD
SoftwoodsHardwoods -- CELL-WALL STRUCTURE -- Primary Wall -- S[sub(1)] Layer -- S[sub(2)] Layer -- S[sub(3)] Layer -- Microfibrils -- Water and Shrinkage -- Pits -- NATURAL DEFECTS AND ABNORMALITIES -- Knots -- Pitch Streaks and Pockets -- Cross Grain -- Shakes and Checks -- Brash Wood -- Reaction Wood -- VARIABILITY IN WOOD OF THE SAME SPECIES -- Variation between Trees -- Variation within Trees -- IDENTIFICATION OF WOOD SAMPLES -- Key for Microscopic Identification of Woods Commonly Used in Canada -- BIBLIOGRAPHY
4 Strength and Physical Properties of WoodFACTORS AFFECTING THE STRENGTH OF WOOD -- Density and Relative Density -- Moisture Content -- STRENGTH-REDUCING CHARACTERISTICS -- Knots -- Slope of Grain -- Shakes and Checks -- Decay -- Aging -- Reaction Wood -- STRENGTH OF WOOD COMPONENTS IN STRUCTURES -- Species Groups -- Allowable Unit Stresses -- Machine Stress Rating -- Preservative and Fire-Retardant Treatments -- CREEP AND RELAXATION -- STRENGTH OF JOINTS -- Nails -- Wood Screws -- Lag Screws -- Toothed Plate Connectors
Split Rings and Shear PlatesGlulam Rivets -- Bolts -- Adhesive Joints -- POLES AND PILING -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD -- Acoustical Properties -- Electrical Properties -- Thermal Properties -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX -- 5 The Chemistry of Wood -- THE COMPONENTS OF WOOD -- Cellulose -- Hemicelluloses -- Lignin -- Extractives -- Bark -- Foliage -- APPLICATIONS OF WOOD CHEMISTRY -- Pulping -- Stains on Wood Products -- Chemical Identification of Species -- Bleed-through -- Utilization of Sawdust and Bark
WOOD CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL BYPRODUCTSCellulose and Its Derivatives -- Charcoal -- Wood Resin -- Maple Sap Products -- Saccharification of Wood -- Food and Food Supplements -- Vanillin -- Essential Oils -- Other Chemicals from Foliage -- Bark Tannins -- Fuel -- THE FUTURE OF WOOD CHEMICALS -- Pyrolysis -- Hydrogenation -- Hydrolysis -- REFERENCES -- 6 Lumber Production -- HISTORY -- LUMBER MANUFACTURE -- Log Quality and Allocation -- Basic Steps in Lumber Manufacture -- Sawing Methods -- Saws -- Headrigs -- Secondary Sawmilling Machines
