The Challenges of Semi-Authoritarianism: An Introduction -- Pt. 1. Varieties of Semi-Authoritarianism -- 1. Egypt: Institutionalized Semi-Authoritarianism -- 2. Azerbaijan: The Semi-Authoritarianism of Decay -- 3. Venezuela: Democratic Decay -- 4. Senegal: Democracy as "Alternance" -- 5. Croatia: Toward a Second Transition -- Pt. 2. Why Semi-Authoritarianism? -- 6. Games Semi-Authoritarianism Regimes Play -- 7. Beyond Games: Looking at Structural Obstacles -- Pt. 3. Intervening in Semi-Authoritarianism States -- 8. The Record So Far -- 9. Looking to the Future -- Carnegie Endowment for International Peace