| Description |
xvi, 430 pages : illustrations, maps ; 23 cm |
| Contents |
Maps and Featured Figures Preface Chapter 1 The American Approach to Foreign Policy 1 Learning from Experience 5 The Volatile State System 6 The Shifting Balance of Power 7 The American Concept of Security 9 The American National Style 11 The American Sense of Destiny 11 The Depreciation of Power in International Politics 13 The Penchant for Crusading 17 Self-Doubts and Revisionist Histories 19 Chapter 2 From World War to Cold War 24 American Wartime Illusions 25 The Russo-Soviet Approach to Foreign Policy 29 The Russian Background 29 The Soviet Ingredient 30 Soviet Expansion after World War II 32 U.S.-Soviet Differences 34 The Soviet Push to the South 36 Toward the Strategy of Containment 38 George Kennan and the New Grand Strategy 40 Alternatives to Containment 43 The Changing of the Guard: Sea Power versus Land Power 45 Declaring Cold War: The Truman Doctrine 46 Chapter 3 Containment: From Theory to Practice 50 New Economic and Military Structures 52 The Bretton Woods System 52 The National Security Act 54 Reviving the Western European Allies 55 The Marshall Plan 57 Roots of the European Union 58 Military Rearmament and the NATO Alliance 60 Recurring Conflicts over Berlin 62 Confronting Revolution in East Asia 64 The Chinese Revolution 64 Hot War in Korea 66 Conflict in the Taiwan Straits 72 Domestic Pressures for a Global Crusade 73 Nuclear Strategy and the "Balance of Terror" 75 |
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Chapter 4 Developing Countries in the Crossfire 81 Obstacles to Political and Economic Development 84 The Population Explosion in Developing Countries 85 Financial Obstacles to Development 86 Tensions between Nationalism and State Building 87 The Revolution of Rising Expectations 90 Clashing Models of Economic Development 92 Regional Conflicts in Africa and the Middle East 96 National Disintegration and Civil War in the Congo 96 Regional Rivalries: The Arab-Israeli Wars 98 U.S. Policy toward Latin America 101 Superpower Confrontation in Cuba 104 The Bay of Pigs 107 The Cuban Missile Crisis 108 Chapter 5 Vietnam and the Cost of Containment 112 Ejection of the French from Vietnam 113 The "Domino Theory" and U.S. Intervention 116 The Perils of Incrementalism 120 The Misconduct of Guerrilla Warfare 12 The Military Battlefield: Vietnam 125 The Political Battlefield: The United States 128 Disengagement from Vietnam 131 Congress versus the "Imperial Presidency" 134 Chapter 6 The Era of Superpower Detente 138 Managing the Superpower Rivalry 141 The Kissinger Philosophy 142 Exploiting the Sino-Soviet Split 145 Linking Cooperation to Soviet Restraint 148 Arms Control as the Centerpiece of Dente 150 The Erosion of U.S. Alliances 153 New Military Flashpoints 154 Chile's Military Takeover 155 Regional Conflicts in Africa 157 Disillusionment with Detente 159.Strategy and th |
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Chapter 7 Jimmy Carter and World-Order Politics 162 Recognizing Global Interdependence 164 A Focus on North-South Relations 167 The New International Economic Order 168 The Foreign Aid "Regime" 169 OPEC's Economic Challenge 171 Carter's Middle East Breakthrough 172 The Collapse of Carter's Foreign Policy 177 The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan 178 Revolution and Communist Rule in Nicaragua 179 America "Held Hostage" in Iran 181 Lessons of World-Order Politics 184 Chapter 8 The Revival of Superpower Confrontation 186 Reagan's Rhetorical Offensive 188 Expanding U.S. Military Forces 190 Opposition to Arms Control 191 The Strategic Defense Initiative 193 "Rollback" in Developing Countries 194 Evaluating the Reagan Doctrine 199 Abuses of the Reagan Doctrine: The Iran-contra Scandal 202 Alliance Politics in the Late Cold War 204 Poland and the Rise of Solidarity 205 The Missile Debate in Europe 207 NATO Threatened from Within 208 From Confrontation to Conciliation 210 |
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Chapter 9 The End of the Cold War 214 Bush's Management of the Soviet Collapse 215 Dismantling Stalin's Empire 217 Detaching Brezhnev's Outposts 223 Reducing Arms and Stabilizing the Nuclear Balance 225 Endgame: The Collapse of the Core 227 Reasons for the Soviet Collapse: Contending Arguments 232 The Contending Arguments in Perspective 233 Excesses of the Containment Policy 238 A Final Appraisal 239 Chapter 10 America's "Unipolar Moment" 241 Great Expectations after the Cold War 244 Revived Debates about America's World Role 246 Clinton's Embrace of "Geoeconomics" 251 The Course of America's Economic Troubles 252 Responses by the Clinton Administration 255 East Asia's Economic "Miracle" 257 Promoting Democracy and Sustainable Development 260 A Grand Strategy of Democratic "Enlargement" 260 Support for Sustainable Development 262 Domestic Challenges to Clinton's Foreign Policy 264 |
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Chapter 11 Old Tensions in a New Order 268 Sources of Global Fragmentation 269 War and Peace in the Middle East 271 Iraq's Challenge in the Persian Gulf 271 Obstacles to an Arab-Israeli Peace 279 The Plight of "Failed States" 282 Somalia and Central Africa 284 Haiti 287 Nuclear Brinkmanship in South Asia 289 Lessons from the Regional Crises 292 Chapter 12 The Shifting European Landscape 295 Western Europe: From Community to Union 297 Jump-Starting Democracy in Eastern Europe 300 NATO's Endurance after the Cold War 303 "Ethnic Cleansing" in the Balkans 306 The Dayton Accords 310 The Kosovo Showdown 312 U.S.-Russian Relations under Stress 316 Internal Challenges to Reform 317 Unrest in the "Near Abroad" 320 |
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Chapter 13 America under Fire 324 Strains in the Unipolar Order 326 The Globalization Backlash 327 U.S. Opposition to International Agreements 329 Terror in the Morning Sky 332 Waging War against Terrorism 334 The al Qaeda Connection 336 Elements of Asymmetric Warfare 340 Intelligence 341 Diplomacy 342 Homeland Security 342 The Afghanistan Campaign 343 Outbreak of Domestic Terrorism 346 A Grand Strategy of Primacy and Preemption 347 Chapter 14: A World of Trouble 352 An Economic Boom Gone Bust 354 East Asia's Reversal of Fortune 355 Challenges to the "Washington Consensus" 358 Renewed Hostilities against Iraq 360 Building Support for Action 363 Diplomatic Ruptures and Allied Resistance 364 North Korea's Nuclear Breakout 370 Global Orders and American Power 372 |
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Maps and Figures Maps Soviet Expansion in Europe, 19391948 33 The Korean War, 19501953 68 U.S. Cold War Alliances 78 Africa in 1945 88 Africa Today 89 Latin America 102 The Vietnam War 117 The Middle East 173 The Persian Gulf, with Key Oil Fields and Pipelines 272 Israel and Occupied Territories 281 South Asia 290 The European Union 298 The Former Yugoslavia 307 Commonwealth of Independent States 318 The War in Afghanistan, Autumn 2002 345 Impact and Influence Woodrow Wilson 8 George Kennan 41 Harry Truman and Douglas MacArthur 71 Fidel Castro 106 Robert McNamara 126 Henry Kissinger 143 Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini 182 Oliver North 203 Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin 229 Jesse Helms 265 Saddam Hussein 275 Madeleine Albright 309 Osama bin Laden 338 Colin Powell and Donald Rumsfeld 366 |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 394-408) and index |
| SUBJECT |
United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1989.
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140098
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United States -- Foreign relations -- 1989-
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh93001742
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| Author |
Spanier, John W.
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| LC no. |
2003010424 |
| ISBN |
1568028180 alkaline paper |
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