1. Analytical background -- 2. The theoretical framework -- 3. Research methodology -- 4. An overview of Vietnamese history and culture -- 5. An overview of the Vietnamese economy in transition and the reform of state-owned enterprises -- 6. The institutional matrix and typical form of capitalism in Vietnam -- 7. Authority relations within Vietnamese SOEs -- 8. The industrial governance of SOEs -- 9. The management problems of the Vietnamese SOEs -- 10. Embedded materialism -the limitation of the incentive structure in Vietnamese SOEs -- 11. Policy implications