Title Atomic Force Microscopy : A New Look at Microbes

Published Cham, Switzerland : Springer, 2020

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Description 1 online resource (113 pages) Series Synthesis Lectures on Materials and Optics Ser Synthesis lectures on materials and optics ; #3 Contents Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Measurement Methods in Atomic Force Microscopy -- Principles and Modes of Operation -- Contact Mode -- Dynamic Mode -- Force Measurement and Force Mapping -- Force-Distance Curve -- Force Volume Mapping -- AFM-Nanomechanical Mapping -- Nanomechanical Measurement Procedure -- AFM-Based Electrical Methods -- High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy -- Hybrids of AFM with Other Techniques -- Integrated AFM/Confocal -- Integrated AFM/Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence -- Integrated AFM/Raman Spectroscopy -- Concluding Remarks -- References Protocols for Microbial Specimen Preparation for AFM Analysis -- Physical Immobilization -- Pore Trapping Method -- Microfluidic Bacterial Traps -- Physicochemical and Covalent Immobilization -- Electrostatic Immobilization -- Immobilization Using Covalent Binding -- Immobilization Using Adhesive Proteins, Lectins, and Antibodies -- References -- Cell Surface Structures at the Nanoscale -- Elucidating of Microbial Cell Substructure -- Imaging Dynamic Processes on Living Bacteria -- References -- AFM Force Spectroscopy of Living Bacteria -- Basics of AFM Force Spectroscopy Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy (SMFS) -- Pulling on Proteins on Live Bacteria Cells -- Stretching Bacterial Pili -- Single-Cell Force Spectroscopy (SCFS) -- SCFS Protocol -- Forces Driving Bacteria-Host Invasion -- Molecular Recognition Mapping of Bacteria Surface -- References -- Bacteria Mechanics at the Nanoscale -- Basics of AFM-Single Cell Nanomechanical Measurements -- Sample Preparations and Requirements -- Choosing the Right Cantilever -- How to Probe the Mechanical Properties -- Models to Extract Mechanical Properties -- Mechanical Structures in Bacterial Cells Quantifying Nanomechanics of Cell Wall Components -- Bacterial Viscoelasticity and Turgor Pressure -- Probing Mechanical Forces During Cell Division -- Nanomechanics of Bacterial Biofilm -- References -- Author's Biography -- Blank Page Summary Over the last two decades, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has undoubtedly had a considerable impact in unraveling the structures and dynamics of microbial surfaces with nanometer resolution, and under physiological conditions. Moreover, the continuous innovations in AFM-based modalities as well as the combination of AFM with modern optical techniques, such as confocal fluorescence microscopy or Raman spectroscopy, increased the diversity and volume of data that can be acquired in an experiment. It is evident that these combinations provide new ways to investigate a broad spectrum of microbiological processes at the level of single cells. In this book, I have endeavored to highlight the wealth of AFM-based modalities that have been implemented over the recent years leading to the multiparametric and multifunctional characterization of, specifically, bacterial surfaces. Examples include the real-time imaging of the nanoscale organization of cell walls, the quantification of subcellular chemical heterogeneities, the mapping and functional analysis of individual cell wall constituents, and the probing of the nanomechanical properties of living bacteria. It is expected that in the near future more AFM-based modalities and complementary techniques will be combined into single experiments to address pertinent problems and challenges in microbial research. Such improvements may make it possible to address the dynamic nature of many more microbial cell surfaces and their constituents, including the restructuring of cellular membranes, pores and transporters, signaling of cell membrane receptors, and formation of cell-adhesion complexes. Ultimately, manifold discoveries and engineering possibilities will materialize as multiparametric tools allow systems of increasing complexity to be probed and manipulated Analysis atomic force microscopy single-molecule force spectroscopy single-cell force spectroscopy cell surface nanostructures molecular recognition microbial adhesion cellular interaction bacterial biofilms cell mechanics Notes Print version record Subject Atomic force microscopy. Bacterial cell surfaces. Cell membranes. Bacteria -- Morphology. Microorganisms -- Morphology. Cell Membrane Atomic force microscopy Bacteria -- Morphology Bacterial cell surfaces Cell membranes Microorganisms -- Morphology Form Electronic book ISBN 9781681738376 1681738376 9783031023859 3031023854

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