| Description |
1 online resource (pages 1-16) |
| Series |
Egmont papers ; 121 (April 2023) |
|
Egmont paper ; 121 (April 2023)
|
| Contents |
Introduction. -- Critical Raw Materials Act. -- Green OPEC. -- CRM champion China. -- The USA enters the race. -- Towards a critical raw materials club. -- Processing, refining, manufacturing. -- CRM lists. -- Conclusion. -- Annex: comparison of CRM/SRM lists EU, USA, Japan, China. -- Endnotes |
| Summary |
Minerals are essential building blocks for clean energy technologies. As the renewable energy industry will grow, demand for minerals will increase accordingly. Moreover, green energy has a strong geoeconomic dimension for the EU: offering a way out of overdependence from autocratic fossil fuel-rich states like Russia. Nonetheless, there remains the risk of becoming more dependent on a handful of mineral-rich states. In response to these risks, the European Commission proposed its Critical Raw Materials Act, to pave a path towards resilience and strategic autonomy. Taking an approach of increasing domestic extraction, recycling and processing capacities, however, will find its limitations: Europe’s soil simply lacks reserves of some of the most strategically important minerals. An international strategy is required. The Act sets out the first step, by indicating a diversification criterium and instrumentalising Global Gateway projects to scale up raw materials extraction and processing capacities in friendly third countries. Without specific investment figures, however, it is hard to assess the effectiveness of this strategy |
| Subject |
Energy minerals -- Law and legislation -- Europe
|
|
Strategic materials -- Law and legislation -- Europe
|
|
Mining law -- Europe
|
|
Minerals.
|
|
Energy technology.
|
| SUBJECT |
Europe -- Dependency on foreign countries -- Law and legislation
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Egmont - Royal Institute for International Relations.
|
|
