A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) retinal pigment epithelial cells. Localized epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result of covering, distorting, or detaching the fovea centralis. Epiretinal membranes may cause vascular leakage and secondary retinal edema. In younger individuals some membranes appear to be developmental in origin and occur in otherwise normal eyes. The majority occur in association with retinal holes, ocular concussions, retinal inflammation, or after ocular surgery. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p291)
Episcopacy and Christian union. : Cultural episcopacy and ecumenism : representative ministry in church history from the Age of Ignatius of Antioch to the Reformation, with special reference to contemporary ecumenism / by Allen Brent
1992
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Episcopacy -- Biblical teaching : The ideal bishop : St. Thomas Aquinas's commentaries on the Pastoral Epistles / Michael G. Sirilla ; foreword by Archbishop J. Augustine Di Noia, OP
2017
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Episcopacy -- Congresses. : Christ and culture / edited by Martyn Percy, Mark Chapman, Ian Markham and Barney Hawkins
2010
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Episcopacy -- Controversial literature : The hierarchical despotism : lectures on the mixture of civil and ecclesiastical power in the governments of the Middle Ages : in illustration of the nature and progress of despotism in the Romish Church / by George B. Cheever
Episcopacy -- History -- Congresses : Patterns of Episcopal power : bishops in tenth and eleventh century western Europe = Strukturen bischöflicher Herrschaftsgewalt im westlichen Europa des 10. und 11. Jahrhunderts / herausgegeben von = edited by Ludger Körntgen und Dominik Wassenhoven
Episcopacy -- History -- To 1500 : The role of the bishop in late antiquity : conflict and compromise / [edited by] Andrew Fear, José Fernández Ubiña and Mar Marcos
2013
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Episcopacy -- Social aspects -- History : The role of the bishop in late antiquity : conflict and compromise / [edited by] Andrew Fear, José Fernández Ubiña and Mar Marcos
The name given to all Christian denominations, sects, or groups rising out of the Reformation. Protestant churches generally agree that the principle of authority should be the Scriptures rather than the institutional church or the pope. (from W.L. Reese, Dictionary of Philosophy and Religion, 1999)
Baptism -- Episcopal Church. : Born of water, born of Spirit : supporting the ministry of the baptized in small congregations / Sheryl A. Kujawa-Holbrook and Fredrica Harris Thompsett
Episcopal Church -- Bishops. / http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85044442 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99004966 : Letters of travel / by Phillips Brooks
