| Description |
1 online resource (39 pages) : color illustrations |
| Series |
IMF working paper ; WP/16/6 |
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IMF working paper ; WP/16/6.
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| Contents |
Cover -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. IMMIGRATION TO GERMANY-AN OVERVIEW -- A. Inflows and Outflows from 1950 to 2014 -- B. Recent Inflows: Who are the New Immigrants? -- C. Reasons to Migrate -- III. LITERATURE REVIEW -- IV. DATA -- A. The German Socio-Economic Panel -- B. The Dependent and Control Variables -- C. Sample and Data Modifications -- V. CONDITIONAL WAGE GAPS AND DOWNGRADING OF IMMIGRANT SKILLS-A FIRST GLANCE -- VI. THE EMPIRICAL MODEL -- VII. MINCER-TYPE WAGE EQUATIONS -- A. Baseline -- B. Differentiating among Immigrants -- C. The Channels -- D. Different Returns to Education -- E. Other Results -- VIII. DETERMINANTS OF JOB AND AUTONOMY MATCHES -- IX. UNEMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION -- X. ROBUSTNESS CHECKS -- XI. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX -- FIGURES -- 1. Fraction of Foreign Born Population in Percent -- 2. Movements between Germany and the Rest of the World, 1950-2014 -- 3. Net Migration from and to the European Union and outside of the European Union -- 4. Total Permanent Inflows -- 5. Increase in Permanent Inflows -- 6. Conditional Wage Gaps (2013) -- 7. Downgrading of Immigrants' Education -- 8. Assimilation Path of Immigrant Wages -- 9. Average Marginal Effect of Being an Immigrant and Education -- 10. Average Marginal Effect of Being an Immigrant over Time -- TABLES -- 1. Raw Wage Gaps (2013) -- 2. Mincer-type Wage Regression Output -- 3. Average Marginal Effects for Level of Occupational Autonomy -- 4. Average Marginal Effects for Matches and High (Medium) Autonomy -- 5. Average Marginal Effects for Unemployment and Participation -- A1. Summary Statistics of Full Sample -- A2. Summary Statistics: Working Population 1984-2013 -- A3. Summary Statistics: Working Population 2013 -- A4. Educational Distribution -- A5. Downgrading: Distribution of Autonomy Levels in Percent |
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A6. Conditional Wages of Natives and Immigrants -- A7. Cross-Correlations -- A8. Cross-Correlations of Immigrants' Variables -- A9. Mincer-type Wage Equations: Robustness |
| Summary |
The paper uses a large survey (GSOEP) to analyze the labor market performance of immigrants in Germany. It finds that new immigrant workers earn on average 20 percent less than native workers with otherwise identical characteristics. The gap is smaller for immigrants from advanced countries, with good German language skills, and with a German degree, and larger for others. The gap declines gradually over time. Less success in obtaining jobs with higher occupational autonomy explains half of the wage gap. Immigrants are also initially less likely to participate in the labor market and more likely to be unemployed. While participation fully converges after 20 years, immigrants always remain more likely to be unemployed than the native labor force.--Abstract |
| Notes |
"January 2016." |
|
"European Department." |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 31-33) |
| Notes |
Online resource; title from pdf title page (IMF.org Web site, viewed February 1, 2016) |
| Subject |
Labor market -- Germany
|
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Foreign workers -- Germany
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Income distribution -- Germany
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Foreign workers
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Income distribution
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Labor market
|
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Germany
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| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
International Monetary Fund. European Department, issuing body.
|
| ISBN |
1498376118 |
|
9781498376112 |
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1498385486 |
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9781498385480 |
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1513515918 |
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9781513515915 |
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