Title Legal U.S. Immigration : influences on gender, age, and skill composition / Michael J. Greenwood and John M. McDowell

Published Kalamazoo, Mich. : W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 1999

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Description 1 online resource (xii, 295 pages) : illustrations Contents Economic Effects of Immigrants 2 -- Empirical Measures of the Effects of Immigration 7 -- Aggregate Effects 7 -- Subgroup Effects 9 -- Industry-Specific Effects 10 -- Region-Specific Effects 11 -- Studies beyond Production Theory 11 -- Immigrant Composition and its Importance 13 -- 2 United States Immigration Policy 19 -- A Brief History of U.S. Immigration Policy 21 -- The Immigration Act of 1924 23 -- Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 24 -- The Immigration Act of 1990 27 -- Recent U.S. Policy 29 -- Immigration Policy and the Composition of Immigration 31 -- 3 A Brief History of U.S. Immigration 37 -- Waves of Immigration 37 -- The First Wave 37 -- The Second Wave 40 -- The Third Wave 41 -- The Fourth Wave 42 -- Source Regions of Immigrants 44 -- Historical U.S. Immigration: Gender, Age, and Skill 45 -- Gender Composition 45 -- Age Composition 48 -- Skill Composition 48 -- 4 The Immigration Data 55 -- Number of Records and Types of Information 56 -- Practical Problems 60 -- The Volume of the Data 60 -- Immigrant Source Countries 61 -- Periodicity of the Data 61 -- Refugees 61 -- Age Detail 66 -- Occupational Information 66 -- Flaws in the INS Data 69 -- Missing Records for 1979 69 -- Missing Information for Certain Years 69 -- General Assessment of the INS Data 73 -- Composition of U.S. Immigration, 1972-1991 73 -- Immigrant Gender 74 -- Immigrant Age 77 -- Skill Composition 81 -- 5 Modeling Flows of U.S. Immigration 89 -- Prior Models 89 -- Modeling the Determinants of Migration to the United States 93 -- Differential Economic Opportunities 94 -- Migration Costs 95 -- Political Attractiveness and Religion 96 -- U.S. Immigration Policy 97 -- Social Programs in Source Countries 98 -- 6 The Gender Composition of U.S. Immigration 113 -- The Gender Composition Model 114 -- Estimation of the Gender Equation 118 -- 7 The Age Composition of U.S. Immigrants 131 -- The Age Composition Model 132 -- The Concept of the Marginal Migrant 133 -- Hypotheses 135 -- Estimation of the Age Composition Equations 138 -- All Immigrants 139 -- Immigrants by Gender 143 -- Male and Female Immigrants by Entry Class 146 -- 8 The Skill Composition of U.S. Immigration 155 -- The Skill Composition Model 156 -- The Marginal Migrant Once Again 156 -- Hypotheses 159 -- Estimation of the Skill Composition Equation 162 -- All Immigrants 163 -- Immigrants by Gender 169 -- Male and Female Immigrants by Entry Class 174 -- Factors that Influence U.S. Immigration -- Source-Country Characteristics 182 -- Differential Economic Opportunities 182 -- Migration Costs 188 -- Political Attractiveness and Religion 190 -- Source-Country Social Programs 190 -- Factors that Influence U.S. Immigration -- U.S. Policy 193 -- Policy Options 195 -- Legal Immigration 195 -- Illegal Migration 196 -- Compositional Consequences of U.S. and Canadian Policies 198 -- Implications for U.S. Immigration Policy 199 -- Aspects of the New Law 199 -- Immigration under the New Law 202 -- Implications for Immigration under the Act of 1990 206 Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (pages 261-271) and indexes Notes Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 MiAaHDL Print version record digitized 2010 HathiTrust Digital Library committed to preserve pda MiAaHDL Subject Immigrants -- United States -- Econometric models Human capital -- United States SOCIAL SCIENCE -- Emigration & Immigration. Emigration and immigration Emigration and immigration -- Government policy Human capital SUBJECT United States -- Emigration and immigration. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85140040 United States -- Emigration and immigration -- Government policy Subject United States Form Electronic book Author McDowell, John M., author. ISBN 0585284555 9780585284552

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