| Description |
1 online resource (289 pages) |
| Series |
Advances in Global Change Research |
|
Advances in global change research.
|
| Contents |
Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part I Seeking the Climate Change Signal -- 1 Recent Changes in Climate and Forest Ecosystems -- 1.1 Atmospheric Environment -- 1.2 Trends and Extreme Events in Forest Ecosystems -- 1.3 Resilience of Ecosystems and Institutions -- References -- 2 Projected Changes in Future Climate -- 2.1 Methods for Projecting Future Climate -- 2.2 Projected Future Climate in the United States -- 2.2.1 Temperature -- 2.2.2 Precipitation -- 2.2.3 Drought -- 2.3 Sea Level Rise -- 2.4 Using Climate Projections to Estimate Effects on Forests -- References -- Part II Effects of Climatic Variability and Change -- 3 Forest Processes -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Carbon and Nutrient Cycling -- 3.2.1 Response of Forest C Cycling to Changing Environmental Conditions -- 3.2.2 Effects on Nutrient Cycling -- 3.3 Forest Hydrological Processes -- 3.3.1 Forest Evapotranspiration and Streamflow -- 3.3.2 Elevated Atmospheric CO2 -- 3.3.3 Changing Species Composition -- 3.3.4 Snowmelt -- 3.3.5 Soil Infiltration -- 3.3.6 Carbon and Water Tradeoffs -- 3.4 Tree Species Distribution -- 3.4.1 Modeling Species Distribution and Abundance -- 3.4.1.1 Species Distribution Models -- 3.4.1.2 Process Models -- 3.4.1.3 Demographic Studies -- 3.4.1.4 Dispersal and Migration Models -- 3.4.2 Assisted Migration -- 3.5 Effects of Altered Forest Processes and Functions on Ecosystem Services -- References -- 4 Disturbance Regimes and Stressors -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Wildfire -- 4.3 Insects and Pathogens -- 4.3.1 General Concepts -- 4.3.2 Climate and Biotic Disturbances -- 4.3.2.1 Bark Beetles -- 4.3.2.2 Defoliating Insects -- 4.3.2.3 Plant Pathogens -- 4.3.2.4 Non-native and Emerging Insects and Pathogens -- 4.3.3 Effects and Interactions with Other Disturbances -- 4.4 Invasive Plants |
|
4.4.1 Introduction -- 4.4.2 Interactions Between Climate Change and Plant Invasion -- 4.4.2.1 Temperature, Precipitation, and CO2 -- 4.4.2.2 Disturbance and Resource Availability -- 4.5 Erosion, Landslides, and Precipitation Variability -- 4.5.1 Erosion and Landslides -- 4.5.2 Drought and Water Supply -- 4.6 Disturbance Interactions -- 4.6.1 Disturbances and Thresholds -- 4.6.2 Stress Complexes: From Conceptual to Quantitative Models -- 4.6.3 Uncertainties -- References -- 5 Climate Change and Forest Values -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Socioeconomic Context: Ownership, Values, and Institutions -- 5.2.1 Forest Ownership Patterns -- 5.2.2 Economic Contributions of Forests -- 5.2.3 Policy Context of Forest Management in Response to Climate Change -- 5.3 Rural Forests, Land-Use Change, and Climate Change -- 5.4 Trees and Climate in Urban Environments -- 5.5 Climate Change and the Wildland-Urban Interface -- 5.6 Social Interactions with Forests Under Climate Change -- 5.6.1 Natural Resource-Based Communities -- 5.6.2 Tribal Forests -- 5.6.3 Social Vulnerability and Climate Change -- 5.7 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Regional Highlights of Climate Change -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Alaska -- 6.3 Hawaii and the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands -- 6.4 Northwest -- 6.5 Southwest -- 6.6 Great Plains -- 6.7 Midwest -- 6.8 Northeast -- 6.9 Southeast -- References -- Part III Responding to Climate Change -- 7 Managing Carbon -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Status and Trends in Forest-Related C -- 7.3 Monitoring and Evaluating Effects of C Management -- 7.4 Carbon Mitigation Strategies -- 7.4.1 Land Use Change: Afforestation, Avoiding Deforestation, and Urban Forestry -- 7.4.1.1 Afforestation -- 7.4.1.2 Avoiding Deforestation -- 7.4.1.3 Urban Forestry -- 7.5 In Situ Forest Carbon Management |
|
7.5.1 Increasing Forest C by Decreasing Harvest and Protecting Large C Stocks -- 7.5.2 Managing Forest Carbon with Fuel Treatments -- 7.5.3 Increasing Forest C Stocks by Increasing Forest Growth -- 7.6 Ex Situ Forest C Management -- 7.6.1 Carbon in Forest Products -- 7.6.2 Product Substitution -- 7.6.3 Biomass Energy -- 7.7 Mitigation Strategies: Markets, Regulations, Taxes, and Incentives -- 7.7.1 Markets, Registries, and Protocols for Forest-Based Carbon Projects -- 7.7.2 Tax and Incentive Programs -- 7.8 The Role of Public Lands in C Mitigation -- References -- 8 Adapting to Climate Change -- 8.1 Principles for Forest Climate Adaptation -- 8.1.1 Adaptation Planning and Implementation -- 8.1.2 Education and Training -- 8.1.3 Science-Management Partnerships -- 8.1.4 Risk and Uncertainty -- 8.1.5 Toolkit Approach -- 8.1.6 No-Regrets Decision Making -- 8.1.7 Flexibility and Adaptive Learning -- 8.1.8 Mixed-Models Approach -- 8.1.9 Integration with Other Priorities and Forest Management Objectives -- 8.2 The Context for Adaptation -- 8.3 The Adaptation Process -- 8.3.1 Overview of Forest Adaptation Strategies -- 8.3.2 Strategic Steps for Adaptation -- 8.4 Tools and Resources for Adaptation and Implementation -- 8.5 Institutional Responses -- 8.5.1 U.S. Forest Service -- 8.5.2 U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) -- 8.5.3 Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessment (RISA) -- 8.5.4 State and Local Institutions -- 8.5.4.1 Western Governors' Association (WGA) -- 8.5.4.2 Washington State Climate Response Strategy -- 8.5.4.3 Minnesota State Climate Response -- 8.5.4.4 North Carolina State Climate Response -- 8.5.4.5 State University and Academic Responses -- 8.5.5 Industrial Forestry -- 8.5.6 Native American Tribes and Nations -- 8.5.7 Nongovernmental Organizations -- 8.5.7.1 Pacific Forest Trust (PFT) -- 8.5.7.2 The Nature Conservancy (TNC) |
|
8.5.7.3 Trust for Public Land (TPL) -- 8.5.7.4 The Wilderness Society (TWS) -- 8.5.8 Ski Industry -- 8.6 Regional Responses -- 8.6.1 Western United States -- 8.6.1.1 Olympic National Forest/Olympic National Park (ONFP), Washington -- 8.6.1.2 Inyo National Forest and Devils Postpile National Monument, California -- 8.6.1.3 Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming -- 8.6.1.4 The Strategic Framework for Science in Support of Management in the Southern Sierra Nevada, California (SFS) -- 8.6.2 Southern United States -- 8.6.3 Northern United States -- 8.6.4 National Example-Watershed Vulnerability Assessment -- 8.7 Assessment: Challenges and Opportunities -- 8.7.1 Assessing Adaptation Response -- 8.7.2 Adaptation Challenges -- 8.7.2.1 Education, Awareness, and Empowerment -- 8.7.2.2 Policy, Planning, and Regulations -- 8.7.2.3 Monitoring and Adaptive Management -- 8.7.2.4 Financial Barriers -- 8.7.3 A Vision for Climate Smart Forest Management -- References -- 9 Risk Assessment -- 9.1 A Risk-Based Framework -- 9.2 Risk Case Studies -- 9.2.1 Water Resources -- 9.2.2 A Framework for Assessing Climate Change Risks to Forest Carbon Stocks -- 9.2.3 Risk Assessment for Wildfire in the Western United States -- 9.2.4 Risk Assessment for Forest Habitats: Case Study in Northern Wisconsin -- 9.2.5 Risk Assessment for Bird Species: A Case Study in Northern Wisconsin -- References -- Part IV Scientific Issues and Priorities -- 10 Research and Assessment in the Twenty-First Century -- 10.1 Improving the Accuracy and Certainty of Climate Change Science -- 10.2 Toward an Ongoing National Assessment -- 10.3 Improving Risk Assessment -- References -- Index |
| Summary |
This volume offers a scientific assessment of the effects of climatic variability and change on forest resources in the United States. Derived from a report that provides technical input to the 2013 U.S. Global Change Research Program National Climate Assessment, the book serves as a framework for managing U.S. forest resources in the context of climate change. The authors focus on topics having the greatest potential to alter the structure and function of forest ecosystems, and therefore ecosystem services, by the end of the 21st century. Part I provides an environmental context for assessing |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Climatic changes -- United States
|
|
Forests and forestry -- United States -- Management
|
|
Forests and forestry -- United States
|
|
Climatic changes
|
|
Forest management
|
|
Forests and forestry
|
|
United States
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Vose, James M
|
|
Patel-Weynand, Toral
|
| ISBN |
9789400775152 |
|
9400775156 |
|
