List of Illustrations; Abbreviations; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Chapter 1. Representing the Sonoran Landscape: Geographical Descriptions of Sonora in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries; A Note on the Identification of Indian Groups in Sonora; The Creation of Space; The Early Eighteenth Century; The Effects of Peace in the Mid-Eighteenth Century; Spatial Organization Projects in the Second Half of the Eighteenth Century; The Reinvention of Sonora; Chapter 2. Population Trends in the Mission Districts of Sonora; The Franciscan Missions in Sonora after 1767; Pimería Alta
Pimería BajaOpatería; Chapter 3. Changes in the Lifeways of Indian Towns; Loving God in Indian Country; The Ambiguity of Location: Living among Christians versus Becoming a Christian; Changes in Governing Structures of Indian Communities; Changes in the Everyday Life of Frontier Societies; Indian and Spanish Material Culture; Frontier Horizontal Mobility; Interethnic Alliances in the Transformation of Sonora'sNorthern Frontier; Pluriethnic Bands in Sonora; The Protector of Indians; When Mission Residents Ceased To Be "Mission Indians."
Chapter 4. Sonora's Frontier Economy in the Late Colonial Period: A Captive Trade NetworkThe Economic Transition as a Conceptual Problem; The Sonoran Economy in the Mid-Eighteenth Century; Scarce Currency and the "Labyrinth of Prices"; The Fagoaga-Ximénez Company and Sonora's Captive Clientele; Price Increases: Taxes, Freight Charges, and Forms of Fraud; Payment Systems for Goods and Wages; Commerce and Forms of Coercion; Chapter 5. Local Adaptations of the Franciscan Mission Regime; The Mission Regime When the Franciscans Arrived in Sonora
New Mode of Governance: Custody of San Carlos de SonoraReaction against the Custody; Dissolution of the Custody; Changes in Mission Administration and Generational Crisis; The Communal Properties of Franciscan Missions in Sonora; Generational Crisis in the Pimería Alta Missionary District; Chapter 6. Leaving Sonora; The Expulsion of Spaniards and Its Aftermath in Pimería Alta; Secularism and Mission Secularization in Pimería Baja and Opatería; Conclusions; Glossary; Bibliography; Index
Summary
Twilight of the Mission Frontier examines the long process of mission decline in Sonora, Mexico after the Jesuit expulsion in 1767. By reassessing the mission crisis paradigm-which speaks of a growing internal crisis leading to the secularization of the missions in the early nineteenth century-new light is shed on how demographic, cultural, economic, and institutional variables modified life in the Franciscan missions in Sonora. During the late eighteenth century, forms of interaction between Sonoran Indigenous groups and Spanish settlers grew in complexity and intensity, du
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages 279-301) and index
