| Description |
1 online resource : illustrations |
| Contents |
Cover -- Half-title -- Title page -- Copyright information -- Table of contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Transliteration of Modern Greek -- Pronuciation of Turkish -- Transliteration of Modern Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Arabic -- 1 Introduction: Religion and the Quest for State Sovereignty -- Is State-Building Secularization? -- Religion-State Power Arrangements -- Divergent Post-Ottoman Trajectories -- Book Plan -- 2 Creating Disciples of the State -- Critical Domains: Education and Law -- Key Actors: Modernizing Reformers and Religious Elites -- State Expansion Strategies -- Institutional Redeployment -- Institutional Layering -- Piecemeal Co-optation -- Parallel Systems -- Usurpation -- Religious Elites, Institutions and Attachments -- European Colonialism, Religious Heterogeneity, Expertise -- Resources and European Colonial Practices -- Religious Heterogeneity -- Micro Mechanisms: Understanding the Religious Response -- 3 The Ottoman Imperial Footprint and the International Context -- Ottoman Governance and the Millet System -- The Sunni Religious Establishment -- The Autonomous Confessional Communities -- Religion and Everyday Life -- International Context: European Models, Ottoman Realities -- Conclusions -- 4 The First Reformer: Egypt under Muḥammad ʿAli -- Muḥammad ʿAlī's Piecemeal Co-optation of the Ulema -- Shifting Course with Strategies of Redeployment -- 5 Synthesizing the Religious and the National in a Revolutionary and Irredentist Greece -- Greek Reformers and the Orthodox Religious Establishment -- Revolution, Provisional Governments and Continued Religious Co-optation -- Kapodistrias's Greece -- The Regency Period: Schism and Nationalization -- Irredentism, Ecclesiastical Reunification and State Expansion: Co-optation beyond State Borders -- The Patriarchate in "Captivity" |
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6 The Religious Roots of the "Secular" State: Understanding Turkey's Sacred Synthesis of the Religious and the National -- The Late Ottoman Legal and Educational Landscape -- Sultan ʿAbdulḥamīd II under Threat and the Rise of the Young Turks -- The Late Ottoman Religious Elite: Identity, Motives and Preferences -- Building a Sacred Synthesis: Courting the Masses and the Religious Elite -- The Absence of a Unified Religious Front -- A Widening Divide: The Religious Establishment and the 31 March Incident -- Reform by Co-optation Continues: Coercion, Compromise and Cooperation -- Understanding Incentives: Embedding Religious Elites in the New "State-Centric" System -- Schooling: Religious Elites Continue as the Pillar of a New "Secular" System -- Courts: Religious Elites Deliver State Justice (and Religious Justice too) -- Institutionalizing the Religious Bureaucrat -- Repression and Indoctrination after the Birth of the Republic -- Conclusion -- 7 How the Religious and the National Diverge: Evidence from Egypt -- Reform by Parallel Systems: A Displaced Religious Elite and the Emergence of Institutional Bifurcation -- Education: "Manufacturing Demagogues" -- Legal Reform and the Shrinking Jurisdiction of the Sharia Courts -- Kemalism in Egypt? -- Counterarguments -- 8 Sacred Syntheses, the Politics of Exclusion and the Prospects of Liberal Democracy -- Sacred Syntheses Confront Diversity -- The Religious Politics of Forced Migration -- The Cham Albanians: From Friend to Muslim Foe -- Religion and Resettlement: Diluting Slavic Exarchate Influence in Macedonia -- Religious Classification and Economic Discrimination in Turkey -- Turkey's Alevis and Kurds -- Dilemmas of Religious Pluralism and Politics in Contemporary Greece -- Dilemmas of Religious Pluralism and Politics in Contemporary Turkey -- The Travails of Turkey's Official Islam |
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A Space for Civil Rights and Liberal Democracy? -- 9 Conclusions -- Insights -- Revisionist History -- State Formation -- Secularization -- Paths of Change -- Nationalism -- Moderate Societies Buttressed against Both Extremism and Collapse -- Postscript: Sacred Synthesis Undone in Turkey? -- Notes -- Preface -- 1 Introduction: Religion and the Quest for State Sovereignty -- 2 Creating Disciples of the State -- 3 The Ottoman Imperial Footprint and the International Context -- 4 The First Reformer: Egypt under Muḥammad ʿAlī -- 5 Synthesizing the Religious and the National in a Revolutionary and Irredentist Greece -- 6 The Religious Roots of the "Secular" State: Understanding Turkey's Sacred Synthesis of the Religious and the National -- 7 How the Religious and the National Diverge: Evidence from Egypt -- 8 Sacred Syntheses, the Politics of Exclusion and the Prospects of Liberal Democracy -- 9 Conclusions -- Postscript: Sacred Synthesis Undone in Turkey? -- Bibliography -- Archives and Libraries Consulted -- Historical Journals and Newspapers -- Contemporary Newspapers -- Published Primary Sources and Other Primary Sources -- Secondary Sources -- Index |
| Summary |
As the Ottoman Empire crumbled, the Middle East and Balkans became the site of contestation and cooperation between the traditional forces of religion and the emergent machine of the sovereign state. Yet such strategic interaction rarely yielded a decisive victory for either the secular state or for religion. By tracing how state-builders engaged religious institutions, elites, and attachments, this book problematizes the divergent religion-state power configurations that have developed. There are two central arguments. First, states carved out more sovereign space in places like Greece and Turkey, where religious elites were integral to early centralizing reform processes. Second, region-wide structural constraints on the types of linkages that states were able to build with religion have generated long-term repercussions. Fatefully, both state policies that seek to facilitate equality through the recognition of religious difference and state policies that seek to eradicate such difference have contributed to failures of liberal democratic consolidation |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Religion and state -- Egypt
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Nation-building -- Egypt
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Religion and state -- Greece
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Nation-building -- Greece
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Religion and state -- Turkey
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Nation-building -- Turkey
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Religion and state
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Nation-building
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Turkey
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Greece
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Egypt
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9781108296878 |
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1108296874 |
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9781108321235 |
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1108321232 |
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