I. The religious origins of the independents -- Early Puritanism -- Henry Jacob: The first independent congregation -- Orthodox independency -- The radical independents -- II. The extent of independency -- III. The independents and the Long Parliament -- The early stages -- The Presbyterians -- The emergence of independency -- Professor Hexter's thesis -- How and when did independency become an issue in Parliament? -- IV. The composition and aims of the party -- Social composition -- Aims of the groups -- The independent congregations -- The army independents -- The army debates at Whitehall, 1648 -- The independents in power -- V. A universal chaos? -- Appendices: -- A. Detailed list of party supporters with statistical analysis -- B. A contemporary list of radical members at the time of Pride's purge -- C. Congregational ministers, 1640-60