Title Electoral Reform and National Security in Japan : From Pork to Foreign Policy / Amy Catalinac

Published Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2016

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Description 1 online resource (268 pages) Contents Cover; Half-title; Series page; Title page; Copyright information; Dedication; Table of contents; List of tables; List of figures; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 2 Electoral Systems, Electoral Strategies, and National Security; 3 Measuring Electoral Strategies; 4 Electoral Strategies Shifted from Pork to Policy; 5 Electoral Strategies Shifted to National Security; 6 Electoral Strategies of Opposition Focused on Policy; 7 Impact on Security Policy; 8 Conclusion; References; Index; 1.1 The Puzzle; 1.2 Why Existing Explanations Are Inadequate; 1.3 Why Explaining This Puzzle Is Important 1.4 The Argument1.5 Research Design, Data, and Methodology; 1.6 Contributions; 1.7 Outline of the Book; 2.1 Electoral Strategies Dominated by Pork before 1994; 2.2 Why Focusing on National Security Was Difficult; 2.3 Why Electoral Strategies of Pork Superseded Other Variables; 2.4 Why Japan Reformed Its Electoral System; 2.5 Electoral Strategies Dominated by Policy after 1994; 2.6 Necessary Conditions for Shift in Electoral Strategies; 2.7 Electoral Strategies Dominated by Policy for Opposition Politicians before and after 1994; 3.1 Why Existing Methods Fail 3.2 Why Candidate Election Manifestos3.3 Choosing Candidates and Elections to Examine; 3.4 What the Manifestos Look Like; 3.5 Why Quantitative Text Analysis; 4.1 Depicting the Shift in Strategies; 4.2 Pork and Intraparty Competition; 4.3 Pork for the District, 1986-1993; 4.4 Policies for the Nation, 1996-2009; 4.5 Contribution to Comparative Politics; 5.1 National Security in the Manifestos; 5.2 Depicting the Switch to National Security; 5.3 Security Expertise Not Advertised Before 1997; 5.4 Weak Evidence for Alternative Explanations; 6.1 Depicting the Continuity in Electoral Strategies 6.2 Policies for the Nation, 1986-19936.3 Policies for the Nation, 1996-2009; 6.4 Weak Evidence for Changes in Opposition Tactics; 7.1 Twenty Years Too Late for Megumi Yokota; 7.2 Conservative Politicians Ignored Abductions before 1997; 7.3 Electoral Reform Reduced the Costs of Making Security Policy; 7.4 Shedding New Light on Old Puzzles; 8.1 Directions for Future Research; 1.2.1 Changes in the Balance of Power; 1.2.2 Weakening Antimilitarist Sentiment; 1.6.1 Japanese Security Policy; 1.6.2 Japanese Politics; 1.6.3 International Relations; 1.6.4 Comparative Politics 2.3.1 Constituent Preferences2.3.2 Organized Groups in the Security Sector; 2.3.3 Features of the District; 2.3.4 Prime Ministerial Aspirations; 2.3.5 Ideological Dispositions or Policy Preferences; 2.3.6 Electoral Strategies of Opponents from Opposition Parties; 2.3.7 Electoral Strategies of Conservative Politicians in the HOC; 2.6.1 Elimination of Intraparty Competition; 2.6.2 Two-Party System in Most Districts; 2.6.3 Empowering of the LDP Leader; 3.2.1 Candidates Take Their Manifesto Seriously; 3.2.2 Party Manifestos Have Not Replaced Candidate Manifestos Summary Japan is the third-largest economy in the world and a key ally of the United States. Yet the determinants of Japanese security policy are not well understood. The question of why Japan never sought the independent military capabilities that would be commensurate with its economic power has puzzled scholars of international relations for decades. Applying new tools for the quantitative analysis of text to a new collection of 7,497 Japanese-language election manifestos used in elections between 1986 and 2009, this book argues that the electoral strategies politicians in the ruling party were forced to adopt under Japan's old electoral system made it extraordinarily difficult for them to focus on security issues and to change security policy. It was only when their electoral strategies shifted after electoral reform in 1994 that these same politicians became able to pay attention and change security policy Notes Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 09 Feb 2016) Subject Elections -- Japan -- History Representative government and representation -- Japan -- History National security -- Japan -- History POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Political Process -- Elections. POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Political Process -- General. Elections National security Representative government and representation Japan Genre/Form History Form Electronic book ISBN 9781316341513 1316341518 9781316476390 1316476391 1107546451 9781107546455

Other Titles Electoral Reform & National Security in Japan

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