Cover -- Endorsements -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- A note on the transliteration -- List of abbreviations -- List of appendices -- List of illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Migrant Sufis and 'rooting' of Islam (ca. 1600-1900) -- 2. Reformist Islam and Sufism: A dialectical religious identity -- 3. Reformist Islam and Majlis-i-Ahrar's politics of nationalism -- 4. Sectarianism and the politics of religious exclusion -- 5. Deobandi identity and sectarian cleavage -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2