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E-book
Author Ozgul, Billur Aslan, author

Title Leading protests in the digital age : youth activism in Egypt and Syria / Billur Aslan Ozgul
Published Cham : Palgrave Macmillan, 2020

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Description 1 online resource (xiii, 244 pages)
Series Palgrave studies in young people and politics
Palgrave studies in young people and politics.
Contents Intro; Acknowledgements; Praise for Leading Protests in the Digital Age; Contents; Abbreviations; Chapter 1 Introduction; Method; Online Struggle in Countries with Weak Repertoires; Leadership in Digitally Supported Movements; Resource-Rich and Resource-Poor Activism; Outline of the Book; References; Chapter 2 Egypt and Syria: Similarities and Differences Between Two Countries; Political Structure; Syria's Decentralised Political Structure; Egypt's Centralised Executive Authority; Economic Structure; The Modernised Authoritarianism of Bashar Al-Assad; The Market Economy of Hosni Mubarak
Civil Society and PressThe Damascus Spring and Its Impacts; Egyptian Islamists and Secular Intellectuals; Repertoires of Contention; Syria-The Kingdom of Silence; Egypt's Wave of Protests; Factors That Triggered the Collective Action in Egypt and Syria; Similarities; Differences; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3 Three Styles of Leadership in the Egyptian Protests; The Rise of Hope and the Beginning of a Change; The Experienced Activists; The Soft Leaders; Experience; Collective Identity; Discourse; Launch Time of the Page; Hybrid Leaders; Conclusion; References
Chapter 4 Resource Mobilisation Strategies RetestedMobilisation Tactics Under Three Styles of Leadership; First Reactions of the State; Co-ordination Tactics of Protesters; Internationalisation Tactics; The Self-protective Phase of Mubarak; Sustaining Peaceful Protests; The State Against a Utopia; Conclusion; References; Chapter 5 Breaking the Silence: The Efforts of Syrian Activists to Organise and Mobilise Digitally Supported Protests; Syria's Soft Leaders and Their Online and Offline Activities; Power of Established Social Networks and Collective Identity; Conclusion; References
Chapter 6 How the Peaceful Protests Turned into Armed Struggles in SyriaFirst Reactions and Media Activities of the State; Mobilisation Through the Lead of Experienced Activists; The Secret Internet Groups; Self-Protective Phase of the State; Co-ordination Through the Lead of Local Committees; Internationalisation Attempts of the Activists; Strategic Manoeuvres of the State; Sustaining Peaceful Protests; The Lack of Unity; The Lack of Political Experience; The Cycle of Violence; Restricted Access; Conclusion; References; Chapter 7 A Comparison of Leaders' Capabilities and Their Resources
Resource MobilisationSoft and Hybrid Leaders' Capabilities; Experienced Activists' Capabilities; Responsiveness to External Conditions; Long-Term Adaptation, Change or Decline; Conclusion; References; Chapter 8 Conclusion; The Three Styles of Leadership; The Symbiotic Relationship Between Repertoire and Use of ICTs; The Relevance of Resource Mobilisation Theory to Today's Digitally Supported Movements; The Challenges and Opportunities of Digitally Supported Movements; References; Index
Summary This book explores in detail new protest organisation and mobilisation strategies of young activists in the digital age with the aim to identify the tactics that worked well against those creating high risks in the context of digitally supported protests. Focusing on Egyptian protests as well as peaceful protests in Syria, the book offers rich and unique data as it brings together the experiences and voices of the key figures involved in the protests, both on the ground and online. It challenges perspectives that defined the Arab uprisings as leaderless movements formed through the non-hierarchical communication of digital technologies. The author presents three kinds of leaders that shape the political communication environment in digitally supported protests and highlights the significance of their leadership skills to the movements' capacities. Billur Aslan Ozgul is Lecturer in Political Communication at Brunel University London, UK. Her work on social movements, social media and the Middle East has been published in the International Journal of Communication, Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies, and the Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index
Notes Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed October 1, 2019)
Subject Youth protest movements -- Egypt
Youth -- Political activity -- Egypt
Youth protest movements -- Syria
Youth -- Political activity -- Syria
Youth -- Political activity
Youth protest movements
Egypt
Syria
Form Electronic book
ISBN 9783030254506
303025450X