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Title The effects of artificial sources of water on rangeland biodiversity : final report to the Biodiversity Convention and Strategy Section of the Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia / Jill Landsberg ... [and others]
Published Canberra, A.C.T. : Environment Australia and CSIRO, 1997

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Location Call no. Vol. Availability
 MELB  333.9516 Lan/Eoa  AVAILABLE
Description 208 pages, [8 leaves of color plates] : illustrations, some color ; 30 cm
Contents 1.4.2.5. Plants in the soil seedbank -- 1.4.2.6. Overlap between plant groups -- 1.4.3. Assessment of fauna -- 1.4.3.1. Birds -- 1.4.3.2. Reptiles and small mammals -- 1.4.3.3. Invertebrates -- 1.5. Statistical analysis -- 1.5.1. Analysis of cover -- 1.5.2. Analysis of species richness -- 1.5.3. Analysis of species composition -- 1.5.3.1. Species response groups in diverse, abundant groups and taxa -- 1.5.3.2. Response types for individual species in less diverse or abundant taxa -- 1.5.4. Analysis of species found at one site only -- 2. Diversity and abundance of flora and fauna -- 2.1. Numbers of species and individuals -- 2.2. Variation among gradients -- 2.2.1. Effect of vegetation type and season --
2.2.2. Plant species represented in the seedbank compared with the field -- 2.2.3. Exotic species -- 2.2.4. New species and range extensions -- 2.2.4.1. Plant species -- 2.2.4.2. Invertebrate species -- 2.3. Conclusions -- 2.3.1. Richness and state of knowledge of biota -- 2.3.2. Sampling efficiency -- 3. Analysis of biodiversity change along gradients -- 3.1. Change in plant cover along gradients -- 3.2. Change in species richness along gradients -- 3.3. Change in species composition along gradients -- 3.3.1. Species response groups in diverse, abundant groups and taxa -- 3.3.2. Proportions of species in different response groups -- 3.3.3. Contribution of exotics to response groups --
3.3.4. Effect of seasonal conditions on response groups -- 3.3.5. Response types for individual species in less diverse of abundant taxa -- 33.6. Species found only at reference sites -- 3.4. Identities of species in different response groups -- 3.4.1. Plants -- 3.4.2. Birds -- 3.4.3. Reptiles -- 3.4.4. Ants -- 3.5. Conclusions -- 3.5.1. Nature and magnitude of biodiversity change -- 3.5.2. Underlying cause -- 3.5.3. Potential for seasonal recovery -- 3.5.4. Relationships among measures of biodiversity -- 3.5.5. Indicators of change-- 3.5.6. Implications for regional planning -- 4. Summary conclusions and recommendations -- 4.1. Research conclusions -- 4.1.1. A rich and diverse biota under threat --
4.1.2. The threat is probably very widespread -- 4.1.3. Water is the underlying cause and the potential solution -- 4.2.. Policy context -- 4.2.1. Potential for achieving conservation goals by controlling water -- 4.2.2. Need for a regional perspective -- 4.2.3. Need for cost-effective methods for survey and monitoring -- 4.3. Recommendations -- 4.3.1. Implement a program of strategic closure of waters -- 4.3.2. Establish a regional perspective -- 4.3.3. Develop cost-effective methods for survey and monitoring -- appendix 1. Provision of watering points in Australian rangelands: a literature review of effects on biota -- Distribution of artificial waters -- Source of artificial waters -- Unconfined aquifers -- Artesian and sub-artesian aquifers -- Stored surface run-off --
4.3.3 cont.. Cats -- Dingoes and foxes -- Focus for foraging/drinking by feral animals -- Camels -- Horses and donkeys -- Pigs -- Goats -- Rabbits -- appendix 2. Continental analysis of the distribution of water points in arid and semi-arid Australia -- Introduction -- Methods -- Water points -- Piospheres -- Vegetation -- Results -- Discussion appendix 3. Correspondence graphs -- appendix 4. Lists of species and response groups -- A4.1. Plants --
4.3.3 cont.. Storage and supply of artificial water -- Earth dams and open drainages -- Troughs and controlled access -- Wetlands -- Density of artificial water -- A brief history of pastoral expansion in Australia -- Eastern Australia -- South Australia -- Western Australia -- Northern Territory -- Impacts of artificial water -- Focus for grazing and trampling -- Changes to vegetation cover and composition -- Changes to vertebrate animals -- Changes to above-ground invertebrates -- Changes to below-ground vertebrates -- Conclusions -- Habitat for native flora and fauna -- Maintenance of high abundance of kangaroos -- Focus for drinking by other native animals -- Focus for hunting/drinking by predators --
A4.1.1. Plants detected in the understorey -- A4.1.2. Plants detected in the overstorey -- A4.1.3. Plants detected in the seedbank -- A4.2. Diverse and abundant animals -- A4.2.1. Birds -- A4.2.2. Reptiles -- A4.2.3. Ants -- A4.3. Animals in less diverse or abundant taxa -- A4.3.1. Small mammals -- A4.3.2. Sringtails (Collembola) -- A4.3.3. Beetles (Coleoptera) -- A4.3.4. Grasshoppers and crickets (Orthoptera). A. Current fundin
Introduction and methods -- 1.1. Water, grazing and biodiversity in the rangelands -- 1.2. Study design -- 1.3. The gradients -- 1.3.1. Locations -- 1.3.2. Descriptions -- 1.3.2.1. The NT mulga gradient -- 1.3.2.2. The NSW mulga gradient -- 1.3.2.3. The Qld mulga gradient -- 1.3.2.4. The Qld gidgee/chenopod gradient -- 1.3.2.5. The WA chenopod/acacias gradient -- 1.3.2.6. The SA chenopod/myall gradient -- 1.3.2.7. The SA chenopod gradient -- 1.3.2.8. The WA chenopod gradient -- 1.4. Survey methods -- 1.4.1. Stratification of sampling at sites -- 1.4.2. Plant cover -- 1.4.2.2. Species identification -- 1.4.2.3. Plant growing in the understorey -- 1.4.2.4. Plants growing in the overstorey --
Summary Artificial waters are a potential threat to the persistence of many components of native biological diversity in arid and semi-arid Australia. Supplies of water have proliferated in the rangelands since settlement for pastoral purposes. Today few areas of pastoral rangeland are further than 10 km from an artificial source of water. This widespread provision of water allows large grazing animals, principally sheep and cattle but also kangaroos and feral livestock, to graze virtually all of this rangeland. This study aimed to determine the effects of the provision of artificial waters and of the grazing it allows, on the native plants and animals inhabiting two of the major biomes of inland Australia
Related To Available in other form: Effects of artificial sources of water on rangeland biodiversity (electronic resource)
Notes "January 1997." -- t.p
Spiral binding
Bibliography Bibliography: pages 195-208
Notes Also available online via the World Wide Web
System requirements: Internet connectivity and World Wide Web browser
Commonwealth of Australia 1997
Subject Artesian wells -- Australia.
Biodiversity -- Australia.
Range ecology -- Australia.
Rangelands -- Water-supply.
Water conservation -- Australia.
Water quality management -- Australia.
Author Landsberg, Jill.
Australia. Environment Australia. Biodiversity Group.
CSIRO (Australia). Division of Wildlife and Ecology.
ISBN 0642270104