Machine derived contents note: 1 Closing the Back Door 1 -- 2 America's Exclusionary Impulse 9 -- 3 The History of Undocumented Immigration in the United States 27 -- 4 The Legislative History of IRCA: Key Provisions 47 -- 5 The impact of IRCA on Undocumented Immigrants: -- A Furtive Exercise in Survival 73 -- 6 The Human Toll: Scars on the American Conscience 125