1. Introduction: Nonviolence on Trial -- pt. I. The Expert Witnesses for the Prosecution -- 2. Niccolo Machiavelli: Renaissance War Realism -- 3. Max Weber: Modern Realism -- 4. Reinhold Niebuhr: Christian Realism -- pt. II. The Expert Witnesses for the Defense -- 5. Mahatma Gandhi: Militant Idealism -- 6. Martin Luther King, Jr.: Christian Idealism -- 7. The Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo: Anarchist Idealism -- pt. III. Considering Further Evidence -- 8. Modern Nonviolence Movements -- 9. Scientific Evidence on Human Violence: Nature or Nurture?