Reassessing ethnonationalism -- Late imperial period : large political space -- Iraq's transition to a colonial state -- Iraq's transition to an independent republican state -- Turkey's transition to an independent republican state -- Turkey's transition to a quasi-democracy : complex political space -- Iran's transition to a constitutional monarchy -- Iran's transition to an Islamic republic -- Transnational space : reconfiguring KurdayetĂ® -- Rethinking nationalism, ethnicity, and the Kurdish problem