| Description |
1 online resource (508 pages) |
| Contents |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Reviews for the First Edition -- Preface to Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Acknowledgements -- PART 1 Concepts -- Chapter 1 Facial Beauty -- Definition of beauty and aesthetics -- Is beauty 'in the eye of the beholder'? -- The enigma of facial beauty -- 'Ideal' proportions -- Symmetry -- Averageness -- Facial neoteny -- Sexual dimorphism (secondary sexual characteristics) -- Heredity -- Cultural influences on the perception of facial beauty -- Beauty and facial beauty: historical and philosophical perspectives -- Socrates and Plato -- What Is Beauty? The Hippias Major and Phaedo -- From Aristotle to Montaigne -- From Hume to Darwin -- Keats and the eternal beauty of the nightingale's song -- Shelley and the appreciation of beauty -- Emerson on 'beauty' -- Beauty and mathematics -- Facial Beauty: Scientific perspectives -- Facial attractiveness research -- Attractiveness research: the experimental method -- Attractiveness research: threshold values -- The Line of Beauty (serpentine line) -- Importance of facial beauty -- Self-image and negative self-perception -- Outsider's perceptions -- Social disability' -- Stereotyping -- Teasing and Bullying -- Severity of deformity -- Striving for form -- References -- Chapter 2 Facial Proportions: Classical Canons to Modern Craniofacial Anthropometry -- Introduction -- Ancient Egypt -- Ancient Greece -- The Archaic Period -- The Classical Period -- The Roman conquest of Greece -- Ancient Rome -- The Renaissance -- Leon Battista Alberti -- Leonardo da Vinci -- Leonardo's Notebooks -- Albrecht Dürer -- The Enlightenment and neoclassicism -- Neoclassical canons of proportion -- Craniometry -- Twentieth century -- Modern craniofacial anthropometry -- Leslie Farkas - the pioneer of modern craniofacial anthropometry |
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The golden proportion -- The ongoing problem with research into the golden proportion -- The basis of scientific reasoning -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Facial Expression: Influence and Significance -- Introduction -- Importance of facial expressions -- History of research into facial expressions -- The work of Duchenne -- The work of Darwin -- The work of Ekman -- The debate: Are facial expressions of emotion universal or culture-specific? -- Summary of The Evidence -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Psychological Ramifications of Facial Deformities -- Introduction -- Health and psychosocial well-being -- Self-image -- The effect of the response of others on those with facial deformities -- Facial deformity, perception and social interaction -- Teasing and bullying -- To treat or not to treat? The controversial debate -- Body dysmorphic disorder: the delusion of deformity -- Body dysmorphic disorder -- Diagnosis -- Informing the patient -- Management -- Managing facial deformity in a neurotic-dysmorphic patient -- Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- PART 2 Clinical Diagnosis -- Section 1 Patient Interview and Clinical Diagnostic Records -- Introduction to Section 1 -- Diagnosis -- Terms of direction, position and movement -- Chapter 5 Patient Interviewand Consultation -- Introduction -- Presenting complaint -- History of presenting complaint -- Psychosocial history -- Perception -- Motivation -- Expectation(s) -- Cooperation -- Risk/harm/cost versus benefit considerations -- Support network -- Medical history -- Danger signals and the 'problem' patient -- Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 6 Clinical Diagnostic Records, Natural Head Position and Craniofacial Anthropometry -- Introduction -- Clinical diagnostic records -- Radiographs -- Clinical photographs -- Clinical videography -- Study models |
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Serial height measurement -- Three-dimensional hard and soft tissue imaging -- Natural head position -- The Frankfort Craniometric Agreement and the Frankfort Plane -- The Frankfort Agreement -- The Frankfort Plane: Historical perspectives -- The unreliability of anatomical reference planes -- Natural head position: the key to diagnosis -- Choice of horizontal and vertical reference planes -- Orientation of the patient in natural head position -- The self-balance position -- The mirror position -- The aesthetic position (or 'photographic position' of the head) -- Clinical photography -- Equipment for digital photography and data storage -- Patient consent forms -- Background and lighting -- Facial views -- Intraoral views -- Craniofacial anthropometry -- Anthropometric craniofacial surface landmarks -- References -- Chapter 7 Cephalometry and Cephalometric Analysis -- Introduction -- Cephalometric landmarks and planes of reference -- Landmarks, lines, planes and volumes -- Hard tissue lateral cephalometric (skeletal) landmarks -- Hard tissue lateral cephalometric (dental) landmarks -- Soft tissue lateral cephalometric landmarks -- Cephalometric planes of reference -- Hard tissue lateral cephalometric reference planes -- Soft tissue lateral cephalometric reference planes -- Posteroanterior cephalometric radiography -- Hard tissue posteroanterior cephalometric landmarks -- Hard tissue posteroanterior cephalometric reference planes -- Cephalometric analysis and geometric principles -- Description of dentofacial deformities -- Sagittal skeletal relationships -- Sagittal positional relationships -- Relationship of maxilla, mandible and chin to craniofacial skeleton -- Relationship of maxilla, mandible and chin to cranial base -- Relationship of maxilla to mandible (skeletal pattern) -- Size relationships of maxilla and mandible |
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Sagittal dentoalveolar relationships -- Inclination of the maxillary incisors -- Sagittal position of the maxillary incisors -- Inclination of the mandibular incisors -- Sagittal position of the mandibular incisors -- Inclination of maxillary to mandibular incisors -- Vertical skeletal relationships -- Convergence of horizontal facial planes (Sassouni analysis) -- Anterior and posterior face height -- Linear cephalometric measurements and normative values -- Angular cephalometric measurements and normative values -- Vertical dentoalveolar relationships -- Inclination of the occlusal plane -- Anterior maxillary dental height (1) -- (Figure 7.49) -- Posterior maxillary dental height (2) -- (Figure 7.49) -- Anterior mandibular dental height (3) -- (Figure 7.49) -- Posterior mandibular dental height (4) -- (Figure 7.49) -- Transverse skeletal relationships -- References -- Section 2 Facial Aesthetic Analysis: Facial Type, Proportions and Symmetry -- Introduction to Section 2 -- 'Rules' versus 'guidelines' in facialaesthetic evaluation -- Clinical inspection -the'process' -- Clinical inspection -the'education of the eye' -- The diagnostic process -clinical evaluation -- Qualitative evaluation -- Viewing (observational) position -- Viewing (observational) distance -- Quantitative evaluation and analysis -- Clinical evaluation -thesequence -- References -- Chapter 8 Facial Type -- Introduction -- The fictional conception of the 'normal' -- Proportion indices -- Head type -- Cephalic index -- Ethnic differences -- Ethnic differences in white individuals -- Head circumference -- Ethnic differences (Table 8.3) -- Facial type: frontal view (norma frontalis) -- Facial shape -- Facial height-to-width ratio/proportion (Figure 8.4) -- Facial index -- Facial type: profile view (norma lateralis) -- Facial divergence -- Sagittal facial profile contour |
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Angle of facial profile convexity (alternative term: facial contour angle) (clinical/soft tissue) (Figure 8.11) -- Angle of facial profile convexity (cephalometric/skeletal) (Figure 8.11) -- Attractiveness research -- Facial angle (clinical/soft tissue) (Figure 8.12) -- Facial angle (cephalometric/skeletal) (Figure 8.12) -- Cranial base angle (Figure 8.13) -- Anterior cranial base length (Figure 8.13) -- Parasagittal facial profile contour -- Vertical facial profile form -- Vertical facial growth pattern and hyperdivergent facial type (Figure 8.15) -- Horizontal facial growth pattern and hypodivergent facial type (Figure 8.16) -- Mandibular plane angle (clinical) -- Mandibular plane angle (cephalometric) (Figure 8.18) -- Gonial angle (Ar-Go-Me) (Figure 8.19) -- Convergence of horizontal facial planes (Sassouni analysis) -- Facial height to horizontal facial depth ratio (cephalometric) (Figure 8.20) -- Facial growth axes (cephalometric) -- Facial axis (Figure 8.21) -- Y-axis(Figure 8.22) -- Facial curves and curvilinear relationships -- Curvilinear relationships - frontal and profile views -- Angularity of facial contour lines -- Facial profile curves and 'S-shaped' curvilinear considerations -- Contour defects -- Sexual variation: the main differences between male and female faces -- 'Ethnic' variation: considerations in facial aesthetic evaluation -- Historical background -- Considerations in facial aesthetic evaluation -- Clinical implications -- Facial ageing -- Skin -- Fat -- Muscle -- Dentoalveolus -- Current understanding, controversies and future research -- Recognizing the visible effects of ageing -- References -- Chapter 9 Facial Proportions -- Introduction -- Craniofacial height to standing height proportion -- Classical, Renaissance and neoclassical proportional canons -- Anthropometric data -- Attractiveness research |
| Notes |
Clinical implications |
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Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Subject |
Dentistry -- Aesthetic aspects.
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Esthetics, Dental
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9781119510765 |
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1119510767 |
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9781119510758 |
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1119510759 |
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9781119510734 |
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1119510732 |
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