| Description |
1 online resource (501 pages) : illustrations |
| Contents |
Machine generated contents note: 1.1. Spatial Coordinate Systems -- 1.2. The Auditory System and Auditory Filter -- 1.2.1. The Auditory System and its Function -- 1.2.2. The Critical Band and Auditory Filter -- 1.3. Spatial Hearing -- 1.4. Localization Cues for a Single Sound Source -- 1.4.1. Interaural Time Difference -- 1.4.2. Interaural Level Difference -- 1.4.3. Cone of Confusion and Head Movement -- 1.4.4. Spectral Cue -- 1.4.5. Discussion on Directional Localization Cues -- 1.4.6. Auditory Distance Perception -- 1.5. Head-Related Transfer Functions -- 1.6. Summing Localization and Spatial Hearing with Multiple Sources -- 1.6.1. Summing Localization of Two Sound Sources and the Stereophonic Law of Sine -- 1.6.2. Summing Localization Law of More Than Two Sound Sources -- 1.6.3. Time Difference between Sound Sources and the Precedence Effect -- 1.6.4. Cocktail Party Effect -- 1.7. Room Acoustics and Spatial Hearing -- 1.7.1. Sound Fields in Enclosed Spaces |
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Note continued: 1.7.2. Spatial Hearing in Enclosed Spaces -- 1.8. Binaural Recording and Virtual Auditory Display -- 1.8.1. Artificial Head Models -- 1.8.2. Binaural Recording and Playback System -- 1.8.3. Virtual Auditory Display -- 1.8.4.Comparison with Multi-channel Surround Sound -- 1.9. Summary -- 2.1. Transfer Function of a Linear-time-invariant System and its Measurement Principle -- 2.1.1. Continuous-Time LTI System -- 2.1.2. Discrete-Time LTI System -- 2.1.3. Excitation Signals -- 2.2. Principle and Design of HRTF Measurements -- 2.2.1. Overview -- 2.2.2. Subjects in HRTF Measurements -- 2.2.3. Measuring Point and Microphone Position -- 2.2.4. Measuring Circumstances and Mechanical Devices -- 2.2.5. Loudspeaker and Amplifier -- 2.2.6. Signal Generation and Processing -- 2.2.7. HRTF Equalization -- 2.2.8. Example of HRTF Measurement -- 2.2.9. Evaluation of Quality and Errors in HRTF Measurements -- 2.3. Far-field HRTF Databases |
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Note continued: 2.4. Some Specific Measurement Methods and Near-field HRTF Measurements -- 2.4.1. Some Specific HRTF Measurement Methods -- 2.4.2. Near-field HRTF Measurement -- 2.5. Summary -- 3.1. Time- and Frequency-domain Features of HRTFs -- 3.1.1. Time-domain Features of Head-related Impulse Responses -- 3.1.2. Frequency-domain Features of HRTFs -- 3.1.3. Minimum-phase Characteristics of HRTFs -- 3.2. Interaural Time Difference Analysis -- 3.2.1. Methods for Evaluating ITD -- 3.2.2. Calculation Results for ITD -- 3.3. Interaural Level Difference Analysis -- 3.4. Spectral Features of HRTFs -- 3.4.1. Pinna-related Spectral Notches -- 3.4.2. Torso-related Spectral Cues -- 3.5. Spatial Symmetry in HRTFs -- 3.5.1. Front-back Symmetry -- 3.5.2. Left-right Symmetry -- 3.5.3. Symmetry of ITD -- 3.6. Near-field HRTFs and Distance Perception Cues -- 3.7. HRTFs and Other Issues Related to Binaural Hearing -- 3.8. Summary -- 4.1. Spherical Head Model for HRTF Calculation |
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Note continued: 4.1.1. Determining Far-field HRTFs and their Characteristics on the Basis of a Spherical Head Model -- 4.1.2. Analysis of Interaural Localization Cues -- 4.1.3. Influence of Ear Location -- 4.1.4. Effect of Source Distance -- 4.1.5. Further Discussion on the Spherical Head Model -- 4.2. Snowman Model for HRTF Calculation -- 4.2.1. Basic Concept of the Snowman Model -- 4.2.2. Results for the HRTFs of the Snowman Model -- 4.3. Numerical Methods for HRTF Calculation -- 4.3.1. Boundary Element Method for Acoustic Problems -- 4.3.2. Calculation of HRTFs by BEM -- 4.3.3. Results for BEM-based HRTF Calculation -- 4.3.4. Simplification of Head Shape -- 4.3.5. Other Numerical Methods for HRTF Calculation -- 4.4. Summary -- 5.1. Error Criteria for HRTF Approximation -- 5.2. HRTF Filter Design: Model and Considerations -- 5.2.1. Filter Model for Discrete-time Linear-time-invariant System -- 5.2.2. Basic Principles and Model Selection in HRTF Filter Design |
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Note continued: 5.2.3. Length and Simplification of Head-related Impulse Responses -- 5.2.4. HRTF Filter Design Incorporating Auditory Properties -- 5.3. Methods for HRTF Filter Design -- 5.3.1. Finite Impulse Response Representation -- 5.3.2. Infinite Impulse Response Representation by Conventional Methods -- 5.3.3. Balanced Model Truncation for IIR Filter -- 5.3.4. HRTF Filter Design Using the Logarithmic Error Criterion -- 5.3.5.Common-acoustical-pole and Zero Model of HRTFs -- 5.3.6.Comparison of Results of HRTF Filter Design -- 5.4. Structure and Implementation of HRTF Filter -- 5.5. Frequency-warped Filter for HRTFs -- 5.5.1. Frequency Warping -- 5.5.2. Frequency-warped Filter for HRTFs -- 5.6. Summary -- 6.1. Directional Interpolation of HRTFs -- 6.1.1. Basic Concept of HRTF Directional Interpolation -- 6.1.2. Some Common Schemes for HRTF Directional Interpolation -- 6.1.3. Performance Analysis of HRTF Directional Interpolation |
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Note continued: 6.1.4. Problems and Improvements of HRTF Directional Interpolation -- 6.2. Spectral Shape Basis Function Decomposition of HRTFs -- 6.2.1. Basic Concept of Spectral Shape Basis Function Decomposition -- 6.2.2. Principal Components Analysis of HRTFs -- 6.2.3. Discussion of Applying PCA to HRTFs -- 6.2.4. PCA Results for HRTFs -- 6.2.5. Directional Interpolation under PCA Decomposition of HRTFs -- 6.2.6. Subset Selection of HRTFs -- 6.3. Spatial Basis Function Decomposition of HRTFs -- 6.3.1. Basic Concept of Spatial Basis Function Decomposition -- 6.3.2. Azimuthal Fourier Analysis and Sampling Theorem of HRTFs -- 6.3.3. Analysis of Required Azimuthal Measurements of HRTFs -- 6.3.4. Spherical Harmonic Function Decomposition of HRTFs -- 6.3.5. Spatial Principal Components Analysis and Recovery of HRTFs from a Small Set of Measurements -- 6.4. HRTF Spatial Interpolation and Signal Mixing for Multi-channel Surround Sound |
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Note continued: 6.4.1. Signal Mixing for Multi-channel Surround Sound -- 6.4.2. Pairwise Signal Mixing -- 6.4.3. Sound Field Signal Mixing -- 6.4.4. Further Discussion on Multi-channel Sound Reproduction -- 6.5. Simplification of Signal Processing for Binaural Virtual Source Synthesis -- 6.5.1. Virtual Loudspeaker-based Algolithriis -- 6.5.2. Basis Function Decomposition-based Algorithms -- 6.6. Beamforming Model for Synthesizing Binaural-Signals and HRTFs -- 6.6.1. Spherical Microphone Array for Synthesizing Binaural Signals -- 6.6.2. Other Array Beamforming Models for Synthazing'Binaural Signals and HRTFs -- 6.7. Summary -- 7.1. Anthropometric Measurements and their Correlation with Localization Cues -- 7.1.1. Anthropometric Measurements -- 7.1.2. Correlations among Anthropometric Parameters and HRTFs or Localization Cues -- 7.2. Individualized Interaural Time Difference Model and Customization -- 7.2.1. Extension of the Spherical Head ITD Model |
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Note continued: 7.2.2. ITD Model Based on Azimuthal Fourier Analysis -- 7.3. Anthropometry-based Customization of HRTFs -- 7.3.1. Anthropometry Matching Method -- 7.3.2. Frequency Scaling Method -- 7.3.3. Anthropometry-based Linear Regression Method -- 7.4. Subjective Selection-based HRTF Customization -- 7.5. Notes on Individualized HRTF Customization -- 7.6. Structural Model of HRTFs -- 7.6.1. Basic Idea and Components of the Structural Model -- 7.6.2. Discussion and Improvements of the Structural Model -- 7.7. Summary -- 8.1. Equalization of the Characteristics of Headphone-to-Ear Canal Transmission -- 8.1.1. Principle of Headphone Equalization -- 8.1.2. Free-field and Diffuse-field Equalization -- 8.2. Repeatability and Individuality of Headphone-to-ear Canal Transfer Functions -- 8.2.1. Repeatability of HpTF Measurement -- 8.2.2. Individuality of HpTFs -- 8.3. Directional Error in Headphone Reproduction |
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Note continued: 8.4. Externalization and Control of Perceived Virtual Source Distance in Headphone Reproduction -- 8.4.1. In-head Localization and Externalization -- 8.4.2. Control of Perceived Virtual Source Distance in Headphone Reproduction -- 8.5. Summary -- 9.1. Basic Principle of Binaural Reproduction through Loudspeakers -- 9.1.1. Binaural Reproduction through a Pair of Frontal Loudspeakers -- 9.1.2. General Theory for Binaural Reproduction through Loudspeakers -- 9.2. Head Rotation and Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.2.1. Virtual Source Distribution in Two-front Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.2.2. Transaural Synthesis for'Four-loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.2.3. Analysis of Dynamic Localization Cues in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.2.4. Stability of the Perceived Virtual Source Azimuth against Head Rotation -- 9.3. Head Translation and Stability of Virtual Sources in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.3.1. Preliminary Analysis of Head Translation and Stability -- 9.3.2. Stereo Dipole |
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Note continued: 9.3.3. Quantitative Analysis of Stability against Head Translation -- 9.3.4. Linear System Theory for the Stability of Crosstalk Cancellation -- 9.4. Effects of Mismatched HRTFs and Loudspeaker Pairs -- 9.4.1. Effect of Mismatched HRTFs -- 9.4.2. Effect of Mismatched Loudspeaker Pairs -- 9.5. Coloration and Timbre Equalization in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.5.1. Coloration and Timbre Equalization Algorithms -- 9.5.2. Analysis of Timbre Equalization Algorithms -- 9.6. Some Issues on Signal Processing in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.6.1. Causality and Stability of a Crosstalk Canceller -- 9.6.2. Basic Implementation Methods for Signal Processing in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.6.3. Other Implementation Methods for Signal Processing in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 9.6.4. Bandlimited Implementation of Crosstalk Cancellation -- 9.7. Some Approximate Methods for Solving the Crosstalk Cancellation Matrix |
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Note continued: 9.7.1. Cost Function Method for Solving the Crosstalk Cancellation Matrix -- 9.7.2. Adaptive Inverse Filter Scheme for Crosstalk Cancellation -- 9.8. Summary -- 10.1. Binaural Reproduction of Stereophonic and Multi-channel Surround Sound through Headphones -- 10.1.1. Binaural Reproduction of Stereophonic Sound through Headphones -- 10.1.2. Basic Algorithm for Headphone-based Binaural Reproduction of 5.1-channel Surround Sound -- 10.1.3. Improved Algorithm for Binaural Reproduction of 5.1-channel Surround Sound through Headphones -- 10.1.4. Notes on Binaural Reproduction of Multi-channel Surround Sound -- 10.2. Algorithms for Correcting Nonstandard Stereophonic Loudspeaker Configurations -- 10.3. Stereophonic Enhancement Algorithms -- 10.4. Virtual Reproduction of Multi-channel Surround Sound through Loudspeakers' -- 10.4.1. Virtual Reproduction of 5.1-channel Surround Sound |
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Note continued: 10.4.2. Improvement of Virtual 5.1-channel Surround Sound Reproduction through Stereophonic Loudspeakers -- 10.4.3. Virtual 5.1-channel Surround Sound Reproduction through More than Two Loudspeakers -- 10.4.4. Notes on Virtual Surround Sound -- 10.5. Summary -- 11.1. Physics-based Methods for Room Acoustics and Binaural Room Impulse Response Modeling -- 11.1.1. BRIR and Room Acoustics Modeling -- 11.1.2. Image-source Methods for Room Acoustics Modeling -- 11.1.3. Ray-tracing Methods for Room Acoustics Modeling -- 11.1.4. Other Methods for Room Acoustics Modeling -- 11.1.5. Source Pirectivity and Air Absorption -- 11.1.6. Calculation of Binaural Room Impulse Responses -- 11.2. Artificial Delay and Reverberation Algorithms -- 11.2.1. Artificial Delay and Discrete Reflection Modeling -- 11.2.2. Late Reflection Modeling and Plain Reverberation Algorithm -- 11.2.3. Improvements on Reverberation Algorithm |
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Note continued: 11.2.4. Application of Delay and Reverberation Algorithms to Virtual Auditory Environments -- 11.3. Summary -- 12.1. Basic Structure of Dynamic VAE Systems -- 12.2. Simulation of Dynamic Auditory Information -- 12.2.1. Head Tracking and Simulation of Dynamic Auditory Information -- 12.2.2. Dynamic Information in Free-field Virtual Source Synthesis -- 12.2.3. Dynamic Information in Room Reflection Modeling -- 12.2.4. Dynamic Behaviors in Real-time Rendering Systems -- 12.2.5. Dynamic Crosstalk Cancellation in Loudspeaker Reproduction -- 12.3. Simulation of Moving Virtual Sources -- 12.4. Some Examples of Dynamic VAE Systems -- 12.5. Summary v -- 13.1. Experimental Conditions for the Psychoacoustic Evaluation of VADs -- 13.2. Evaluation by Auditory Comparison and Discrimination Experiment -- 13.2.1. Auditory Comparison and Discrimination Experiment -- 13.2.2. Results of Auditory Discrimination Experiments -- 13.3. Virtual Source Localization Experiment |
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Note continued: 13.3.1. Basic Methods for Virtual Source Localization Experiments -- 13.3.2. Preliminary Analysis of the Aesults of Virtual Source Localization Experiments -- 13.3.3. Results of Virtual Source Localization Experiments -- 13.4. Quantitative Evaluation Methods for Subjective Attributes -- 13.5. Further Statistical Analysis of Psychoacoustic Experimental Results -- 13.5.1. Statistical Analysis Methods -- 13.5.2. Statistical Analysis Results -- 13.6. Binaural Auditory Model and Objective Evaluation of VADs -- 13.7. Summary -- 14.1. VADs in Scientific Research Experiments -- 14.2. Applications of Binaural Auralization -- 14.2.1. Application of Binaural Auralization in Room Acoustics -- 14.2.2. Existing Problems in Room Acoustic Binaural Auralization -- 14.2.3. Other Applications of Binaural Auralization -- 14.3. Applications in Sound Reproduction and Program Recording -- 14.4. Applications in Virtual Reality, Communication, and Multimedia |
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Note continued: 14.4.1. Applications in Virtual Reality -- 14.4.2. Applications in Communication -- 14.4.3. Applications in Multimedia and Mobile Products -- 14.5. Applications in Clinical Auditory Evaluations -- 14.6. Summary |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 441-470) and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Surround-sound systems.
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Auditory perception.
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Virtual reality.
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Auditory Perception
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Virtual Reality
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virtual reality.
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TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Mechanical.
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Auditory perception
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Surround-sound systems
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Virtual reality
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9781604277418 |
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1604277416 |
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9781680154917 |
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1680154915 |
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1604270705 |
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9781604270709 |
