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1. Introduction : where mountains rise -- 2. Murids and tsars : Islamic ideology as an antidote to Russian colonialism -- 3. Soviet rule in the North Caucasus : betrayal of Islam and construction of ethnicity -- 4. Democratic Dagestan : ethnic accommodation in the constitutional Djamaat -- 5. The Islamic factor : revival and radicalism -- 6. Conflict and catharsis : why Dagestanis fought to remain in Russia -- 7. Russian recentralization and Islamic resistance : stepping on the same rake -- 8. Conclusion : a gathering darkness