Title People, parks, and power : the ethics of conservation-related resettlement / Maria Sapignoli, Robert K. Hitchcock

Published Cham : Springer, [2023] ©2023

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Description 1 online resource (xxxiii, 101 pages) : illustrations Series SpringerBriefs in anthropology. Anthropology and ethics SpringerBriefs in anthropology. Springerbriefs in anthropology and ethics. Contents Intro -- Foreword -- Origins of the Yellowstone Conservation Model (Fortress Conservation) -- References -- Preface -- References -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Authors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Biodiversity Conservation, Protected Areas, and Indigenous Peoples -- Introduction -- Biodiversity Conservation and Involuntary Relocation -- Types of Protected Areas -- Indigenous People in Protected Areas -- References -- Chapter 2: Fortress Conservation: Removals of Indigenous People from Protected Areas in the United States -- Introduction Case 1: Yellowstone National Park in the United States -- Case 2: Yosemite National Park, United States -- Case 3: Glacier National Park, Montana -- Kaloko-Honokohau National Historic Park -- National Monuments in the Southwestern United States -- Tourism and the National Parks -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Coercive Conservation: Removals of Indigenous Peoples from Protected Areas in Southern Africa -- Introduction -- Case 1: Wanke Game Reserve and Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe -- Incidents in Northern Botswana and Transformations in Western Zimbabwe Case 2: The Central Kalahari Game Reserve Case, Botswana -- Case 3: Etosha National Park in Namibia -- Case 4: Bwabwata National Park, Namibia -- Case 5: Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, South Africa and Botswana -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Social Impacts of Conservation-Forced Resettlement -- Introduction -- Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas in Central Africa -- The Old Way and the New Way -- Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) -- Environment and Social Impacts of Conservation-Related Resettlement: Some Conclusions -- References Chapter 5: Indigenous Peoples ́Strategies for Coping with Protected Area Policies and Treatment -- Introduction -- Asia Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Conservation, Ethics, and Indigenous Peoples -- Introduction -- References Summary This book presents a critical review of the ethics of conservation-related resettlement. We examine what has become known as the parks versus people debate, also known as the new conservation debate, which has pitted indigenous and other local people against nation states and social scientists against ecologists and conservationists for the past several decades. Aiming to promote biodiversity conservation and habitat preservation, some biologists, park planners, and conservation organizations have recommended that indigenous and other people should be removed from protected areas. Local people, for their part, have argued that residents of the areas that were turned into protected areas, national parks, game reserves and monuments had managed them in productive ways for generations and that they should have the right to remain there and to use natural resources as long as they do so sustainably. This position is often supported by indigenous rights organizations and social scientists, especially anthropologists. There are also some conservation-oriented NGOs that have policies involving a more human rights-oriented approach aimed at poverty alleviation, sustainable development, and social justice. The book discusses biodiversity conservation, indigenous peoples (those who are ethnic minorities and who are often marginalized politically), and protected areas, those categories of land set aside by nation-states that have various kinds of rules about land use and residence. The focus initially is on case studies from protected areas in the United States including Yellowstone National Park, Yosemite National Park, and Glacier National Park and on national monuments and historical parks where resettlement took place. We then consider issues of coercive conservation in southern Africa, including Hwange National Park (Zimbabwe), the Central Kalahari Game Reserve (Botswana), Etosha National Park, and Bwabwata National Park (Namibia), and Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (South Africa and Botswana). All of these cases involved involuntary resettlement at the hands of the governments. In the book we consider some of the social impacts of conservation-forced resettlement (CfR), many of which tend to be negative. After that, we assess some of the strategies employed by indigenous peoples in their efforts to recover rights of access to protected areas and the cultural and natural resources that they contain. Examples are drawn from cases in Asia, Africa, and South America. Conclusions are provided regarding the ethics of conservation-related resettlement and some of the best practices that could be followed, particularly with regard to indigenous peoples. Bibliography Includes bibliographical references Notes Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed November 17, 2023) Subject Indigenous peoples -- Land tenure. Environmental protection -- Moral and ethical aspects National parks and reserves -- Social aspects National parks and reserves -- Government policy Protected areas -- Social aspects Protected areas -- Government policy National parks and reserves -- Case studies Protected areas -- Case studies Environmental ethics. Environmental protection -- Moral and ethical aspects Indigenous peoples -- Land tenure National parks and reserves National parks and reserves -- Government policy National parks and reserves -- Social aspects Protected areas Genre/Form Case studies Case studies. Études de cas. Form Electronic book Author Hitchcock, Robert K., author. ISBN 9783031392689 303139268X

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