| Description |
1 online resource (295 pages) |
| Series |
Longman Archaeology Series |
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Longman archaeology series.
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| Contents |
Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of figures; List of tables; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1 Generalities; 1.1 The impact of scientific techniques; 1.2 Absolute dating and derivative dating; 1.3 The event being dated; 1.4 Reasons for dating; 1.5 Which technique?; 1.6 Dating terminology; Notes; 2 Climatic clocks and frameworks; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Climate-based frameworks; Subdivisions: loess deposits; Late-glacial and Postglacial subdivisions; Global climate; 2.3 The oxygen-isotope time-scale; 2.3.1 Deep-sea cores; 2.3.2 Iso topic fractionation |
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2.3.3 Records of isotopic variationsCorrelation of continental climate; Labelling of stages and substages; Terminations; 2.3.4 The Milankovitch astronomical theory of climate; Historical resume; Orbital parameters; Climatic response; 2.3.5 Orbital tuning and chronostratigraphy; 2.3.6 Ice-core variations; Relevance to radiocarbon calibration; Evidence of the Bronze Age eruption of Thera; 2.4 The pollen record (palynology); 2.4.1 Aspects of pollen analysis; 2.4.2 Pollen; Laboratory procedures; pollen diagrams; Quantity; preservation; 2.4.3 Pollen zones and dating |
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Late-glacial and Postglacial dating in north-west EuropePollen assemblage zones (PAZ); chronozones; Correlation with the oxygen-isotope time-scale; La Grande Pile; Les Echets; Phases of an interglacial; 2.5 Varve chronology; The Scandinavian varve chronology; The Lake of Clouds, Minnesota; 2.6 Dendrochronology (tree-ring dating); 2.6.1 Tree rings; Missing rings; false rings; Sapwood and heartwood; 2.6.2 Sampling, measurement and data handling; Presentation of data; Cross-correlation; Replication and averaging; Signatures and signature years; 2.6.3 Calibration of the radiocarbon time-scale |
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The bristlecone pine chronologyThe European oak chronology; 2.6.4 Dating of archaeological sites and structures; Sapwood estimates; 2.6.5 Art-historical dating; Cross-dating; Notes; References; 3 Radiocarbon -- I; 3.1 The essential basis; 3.1.1 Radioactivity and occurrence; principle of dating; Time zero for timber; Exponential decay; lifetime; 3.1.2 Historical; 3.1.3 Measurement; 3.2 The carbon exchange reservoir; 3.2.1 The equilibrium concentration ratio; 3.2.2 Iso topic fractionation; 3.2.3 Mixing rates and residence times; The hard water effect; Volcanic emanation |
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3.3 Radiocarbon activity variations during past millennia3.3.1 Known-age samples; 3.3.2 Influence of geomagnetic field; Geomagnetic reversals; 3.3.3 Sunspot activity: heliomagnetic modulation; 3.3.4 Reservoir size and mixing rates; 3.3.5 In situ production; 3.4 Recent, man-made disturbances; 3.4.1 The fossil-fuel effect (Suess effect); 3.4.2 Nuclear weapons testing; 3.5 Other cosmogenic radioisotopes; Calcium-41; Notes; References; 4 Radiocarbon -- II; 4.1 Measurement; 4.1.1 The two approaches: beta activity and atom counting; 4.1.2 Conventional beta counting; 4.1.3 Statistical precision |
| Summary |
Archaeologists and archaeology students have long since needed an authoritative account of the techniques now available to them, designed to be understood by non-scientists. This book fills the gap and it offers a two-tier approach to the subject. The main text is a coherent introduction to the whole field of science-based dating, written in plain langauge for non-scientists. Additional end-notes, however, offer a a more technical understanding, and cater for those who have a scientific and mathematical background |
| Notes |
The error multiplier |
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Print version record |
| Form |
Electronic book
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| ISBN |
9781317871491 |
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1317871499 |
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