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E-book

Title Direct-fed microbials and prebiotics for animals : science and mechanisms of action / Todd R. Callaway, Steven C. Ricke, editors
Edition 2nd ed
Published Cham : Springer, 2023

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Description 1 online resource (354 p.)
Contents Intro -- Preface -- Definitions -- References -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: The Gastrointestinal Tract of Food Animals and Impact of Feed Additives -- Chapter 1: Commensal Gastrointestinal Microbiota as a Complex Interactive Consortia -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Diversity of Microbial Communities in the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 1.3 Temporal Colonization of the Intestinal Tract -- 1.3.1 Postnatal Programming -- 1.4 Upsetting the Balance: The Effect of Stressors on the Intestinal Microbiota -- 1.5 Upsetting the Balance: Lactic Acidosis and Rumen Microbiota
1.6 Upsetting the Balance: Feed Withdrawal and Intestinal Microbiota -- 1.7 Development of Intestinal Microbiota in the Early Life of the Host -- 1.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: The Poultry Gastrointestinal Tract: An Overview of Microbial Ecology -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Poultry Gastrointestinal Tract: Anatomy and Physiology -- 2.3 Poultry Gastrointestinal Microbiota -- 2.4 Bacterial Ecology in the Poultry Gastrointestinal Tract -- 2.5 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References
Chapter 3: Current Understanding of the Crosstalk Between Direct-Fed Microbials and Indigenous Microbiome in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Applications and Challenges in Food-Producing Animals -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Recent Advances in Researching the GIT Microbiome of Food-Producing Animals -- 3.2.1 Core Microbiota -- 3.2.1.1 Taxonomic Core Microbiota in the GIT of Food-Producing Animals -- 3.2.1.2 Functional Core Microbiota in the GIT of Food-Producing Animals -- 3.2.2 Mucosa-Associated Versus Digesta-Associated Microbiomes
3.3 Challenges for the Application of DFMs in Food-Producing Animals -- 3.3.1 Lack of In-Depth Understanding of the GIT Microbiome -- 3.3.2 Lack of Understanding of the Interaction Between DFMs and the GIT Microbiome -- 3.3.3 Individualized Microbiomes Pose Challenges for Application of DFMs -- 3.4 Future Directions for Effective Use of DFMs in Food-Producing Animals -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Advancements in Poultry Nutrition and Genetics, the Role of Antibiotic Growth Promoters, and the Introduction of Feed Additive Alternatives -- 4.1 Introduction
4.2 Broiler Performance and Genetics -- 4.3 Nutritional Advancements in the Poultry Industry -- 4.4 Feed Additives -- 4.5 Antibiotic Growth Promoters -- 4.6 Alternatives to Antibiotic Growth Promotors -- 4.7 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 5: Prebiotics with Plant and Microbial Origins -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Nondigestible Oligosaccharides and Fermentation -- 5.3 Health Benefits and Industrial Use of Prebiotics -- 5.4 Methods of Manufacture -- 5.5 Established Prebiotics -- 5.5.1 Fructans -- 5.5.2 Galactooligosaccharides -- 5.5.3 Lactulose -- 5.6 Candidate Prebiotics
Summary In this exciting update, readers will learn how feeding direct-fed microbials (including eubiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics) is becoming increasingly widespread during food animal production. Animal production must improve efficiency of growth, and the use of direct-fed microbial and prebiotic additives to domestic animals has become widely accepted and utilized. The benefits of probiotic-type approaches in cattle, pigs, fish, and poultry, include improved general animal health, reduced foodborne pathogen populations, increased growth rate and feed efficiency, improved milk and egg production, and have been reported world-wide. Successes from probiotic approaches in multiple species have ensured their adoption; however, several fundamental questions remain. Early establishment and retention of an ecological balance in the gastrointestinal tract is an important first step for an external biological additive to be effective in young animals, suggesting that some of the benefits of direct-fed microbials may be due to an early establishment of a normal native gut microbial population. Research has indicated that the establishment of a normal population can enhance gut epithelial integrity, preventing inflammation and improving animal health. Thus, it is important that we understand the key processes that occur during the establishment of the gut microbial population that can impact gastrointestinal fermentation and provide protection against pathogens of the animals and of human consumers. Knowing how these processes work and how they impact animal energy and protein expenditures can guide further improvements of available and future commercial products. Exciting research opportunities are discussed in this book, examining different characteristics of DFMs that are fed to animals to meet different production demands in different production scenarios (e.g., beef versus dairy versus swine versus fin fish). The advent of molecular and next-generation sequencing offers methods of developing tailored DFMs, and of early detection of successful DFM establishment in the gut. These techniques will further deepen our insight into understanding the microbial population of the gut and how these populations impact animal health, food safety, and sustainability of animal-derived protein production
Notes 5.6.1 Lactosucrose
Includes index
Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed October 24, 2023)
Subject Gastrointestinal system -- Microbiology.
Animal feeding.
Animal nutrition.
Food science.
Veterinary microbiology.
Agriculture.
Industrial microbiology.
agriculture (discipline)
Animal feeding
Animal nutrition
Gastrointestinal system -- Microbiology
Form Electronic book
Author Callaway, Todd Riley, 1971-
Ricke, Steven C., 1957-
ISBN 9783031405129
3031405129