| Description |
1 online resource (163 p.) |
| Contents |
Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- List of Abbreviations and Symbols -- Authors -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sprinklered Car Parks -- 1.2 Smoke Control -- 1.2.1 Underground Car Park Smoke Control -- 1.3 Hazards of Building Fire -- 1.3.1 Convected Heat -- 1.3.2 Radiant Heat -- 1.3.3 Toxic Gases -- 1.3.4 Smoke Obscuration -- 1.4 Elements of Fire and Smoke Management Systems -- 1.4.1 Jet Fans -- 1.4.2 Sprinkler System -- 1.4.2.1 Wet Pipe System -- 1.4.2.2 Dry Pipe System -- 1.4.3 Detection System -- 1.4.3.1 Smoke Detectors |
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1.5 Objectives of the Present Book -- 2 Ventilation and Smoke Management -- 2.1 General -- 2.2 Ventilation and Smoke Management Systems -- 2.2.1 Smoke Ventilation Systems -- 2.2.2 Natural Ventilation Systems -- 2.2.3 Mechanical Ventilation Systems -- 2.3 Sprinklers Activation Effect -- 2.4 Design Approach -- 2.5 Hydraulics of Sprinklers -- 2.6 Concluding Remarks -- 3 Governing Equations -- 3.1 Major Components of the CFD Code -- 3.2 Governing Equations -- 3.2.1 Mass and Species Transport -- 3.2.2 Momentum Transport -- 3.2.3 Energy Transport -- 3.2.4 Equation of State -- 3.2.5 LES Approach |
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3.3 Visibility -- 3.4 Evacuation of Agents -- 3.4.1 Human Movement Model -- 3.4.2 Fire and Human Interaction -- 3.5 Combustion (Mixture Fraction Model) -- 3.6 Radiation (Radiation Transport Equation) -- 3.7 The Heat Conduction Equation for a Solid -- 3.8 Radiation Heat Transfer to Solids -- 3.9 Convective Heat Transfer to Solids -- 3.10 Specified Heat Release Rate -- 4 Methodology, Results, and Discussion -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Grid Sensitivity -- 4.3 Assessment and Validation -- 4.3.1 Fire Source -- 4.3.2 Smoke Temperature Measurements -- 4.3.2.1 Plume Temperature Measurements |
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4.3.2.2 Smoke Temperature Measurements -- 4.4 Computational Results for Design Options -- 4.4.1 Geometry -- 4.4.2 Boundary Conditions and Input Data -- 4.4.2.1 The Mesh -- 4.4.2.2 Smoke Management System -- 4.4.2.3 Car Fire -- 4.4.2.4 Sprinkler System -- 4.4.3 Simulated Base Cases -- 4.4.4 Results of Base Cases -- 4.4.4.1 Impulse Ventilation System without Sprinkler Modeling (Case S1a) -- 4.4.4.2 Impulse Ventilations System with Sprinkler Modeling (Case S1b) -- 4.4.4.3 Ducted System without Sprinkler Modeling (Case S2a) -- 4.4.4.4 Ducted System with Sprinkler Modeling (Case S2b) |
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4.5 Discussion and Conclusion for Base Cases -- 5 Proposed Design Options -- 5.1 Design Option 1: Installation of the Sprinklers below the Smoke Layer -- 5.1.1 Design Option 1a: With Impulse Ventilation System -- 5.1.1.1 Jet Fan Performance Study -- 5.1.1.2 Jet Fans in Series Study -- 5.1.1.3 Effect of Distance between Jet Fans on the Visibility at a Vertical Plane through the Fans -- 5.1.1.4 Effect of Distance between Jet Fans on the Visibility in the Horizontal Plan at Occupant's Level -- 5.1.1.5 Effect of Distance between Jet Fans on Temperature in the Horizontal Plan at Occupants' Level |
| Notes |
Description based upon print version of record |
|
5.1.2 Results of Design Option 1a |
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Khalil, Dalia E. E
|
| ISBN |
9781000066418 |
|
100006641X |
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