[1.] Nihilism and tragedy The problem of tragedy in the twentieth century -- The Kierkegaardian paradox of the absurd -- Two philosophers of the tragic -- The nihilistic universe of Kafka -- Albert Camus and the revolt against the absurd -- The tragic hero -- [2.] Ideology and tragedy The tragic vision and the scientific synthesis -- Psychoanalysis and the tragic vision -- Existentialism and the tragic vision -- Tragedy and the Marxist synthesis -- Existentialism versus Marxism -- Malraux and the myth of violence
