Increasing diversity of the workforce. The shift from manufacturing to the service sector. The shift in workers' skill levels. The public and private sectors. Greater participation of women in the workforce. The increase in peripheral workers. Targeting specific ethnic groups. Changing patterns of youth employment -- External concerns confronting trade unions. Legislation and employers' attitudes. Technological change. Training. Productivity, competition and internationalization. Human resources management. Broader societal concerns. The expansion of unions' and workers' influence -- Unions' internal structures and strategies. Improving efficiency. Cooperation with other groups. Research and extended services. The training of union officials. Improving relations with members and the public
