Title Forests in revolutionary France : conservation, community, and conflict 1669-1848 / Kieko Matteson, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa

Published New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, [2015]

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Description 1 online resource : illustrations, maps Series Studies in environment and history Studies in environment and history. Contents Cover; Half-title; Series information; Title page; Copyright information; Table of contents; List of Illustrations; List of Maps; Abbreviations; Preface and Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1 The Lay of the Land; A Boundless Forest; Early Modern Management, Organization, and Exploitation; Forest Rights under Siege; 1678 and Its Aftermath: Conquest, Reform, and the 1669 Ordinance; Forest Transformation in Franche-Comté; 2 ""Agromania"" and Silvicultural Science: Conservation's Intellectual Underpinnings; Seventeenth-Century Origins; Administrators, Local Interests, and Natural Philosophers The Impact of Agromanieand Physiocracy on the ForestsForest Improvers and Silvicultural Science; Woodland Romantics and the Natural Ideal; 3 A necessity as vital as bread: Forest Crisis on the Eve of the Revolution; The Landscape of Discontent; Seigneurial Usurpations; Industrial Harm; Resource Competition and Internal Friction; The Failings of the Forest Administration; A Salty Struggle; 4 Seduced by the word liberty: Woodland Crisis and the Failure of Revolutionary Reform; Lend a hand to the officers charged with enforcing the laws -- At the disposal of the nation Such desirable benefitsWhat makes the poor into slaves -- Federalist Revolt and the Rébellion des Montagnes; Never was there a more favorable moment -- Violationseverywhere -- The need for a new forestry organization is felt each passing day -- 5 Nothing is more respected ... than the right of property: The Creation of the 1827 Forest Code; Today the Evil is at its Peak -- Let us ... keep in mind that we need to save our woods -- Extraordinary and frequent flooding -- Between penury and prevarication -- Reining in egoism and selfish motives The clearest enemy of the tree is the goatTaming the Wild Countryside; Increased the obstacles rather than remedied the defects -- We have become poor:The Push for the Forest Code; The Battle over Affouage; Reconciling the needs of all with the rights of each?; The interest we must principally protect is ... that of the landowner -- Timber [is] the principal aim of conservation -- 6 Not even a branch of wood has been granted to us -- Claims, Contestation, and Cantonnement: The Forest Code'sReception across France Far from reestablishing public tranquility, [it] has only made the problem worseTumult, Murder, and Mayhem: The Forest Code in the Jura; The masters of their woods -- Seeking an End to iniquitous custom -- Uprooting the guilty hopes of Liberty; Epilogue: Homo is but Arbor Inversa -- From Liberty Tree to President Pine; Conservation's Achilles' Heel; Bibliography; Manuscript Sources; Archives Nationales; Série AD -- Archives imprimées; Série BB -- Ministère de la Justice; Série C -- Chambre des députés; Série D -- Missions des représentants du peuple et Comités des Assemblées Série E -- Conseil du Roi Summary This book investigates the economic, strategic, and political importance of forests in early modern and modern Europe and shows how struggles over this vital natural resource both shaped and reflected the ideologies and outcomes of France's long revolutionary period. Until the mid-nineteenth century, wood was the principal fuel for cooking and heating and the primary material for manufacturing worldwide and comprised every imaginable element of industrial, domestic, military, and maritime activity. Forests also provided essential pasturage. These multifaceted values made forests the subject of ongoing battles for control between the crown, landowning elites, and peasantry, for whom liberty meant preserving their rights to woodland commons. Focusing on Franche-Comté, France's easternmost province, the book explores the fiercely contested development of state-centered conservation and management from 1669 to 1848. In emphasizing the environmental underpinnings of France's seismic sociopolitical upheavals, it appeals to readers interested in revolution, rural life, and common-pool-resource governance-- Provided by Publisher Bibliography Includes bibliographical references Notes Online resource; title from PDF title page (Ebsco, viewed April 7, 2015) Subject Forests and forestry -- France -- History -- 17th century Forests and forestry -- France -- History -- 18th century Forests and forestry -- France -- History -- 19th century Forests and forestry -- Political aspects -- France -- History GARDENING -- Fruit. TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Agriculture -- General. Forests and forestry Forests and forestry -- Political aspects France Genre/Form History Form Electronic book ISBN 9781316247679 1316247678 9781107338197 1107338190

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