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Neurons -- metabolism   6
 

Neurons, Mirror -- See Mirror Neurons


Neurons that fire when an animal acts or observes the same action of another thus coding the motor response. They were originally discovered in the premotor and parietal cortex of the monkey and studies have shown that neurons that have a similar mechanism are present in humans. Mirror neurons are theorized to be related to social cognition
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Neurons, Motor -- See Motor Neurons


Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS
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Neurons, Nociceptive -- See Nociceptors


Peripheral AFFERENT NEURONS which are sensitive to injuries or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. Their cell bodies reside in the DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA. Their peripheral terminals (NERVE ENDINGS) innervate target tissues and transduce noxious stimuli via axons to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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Neurons -- pathology   5
Neurons -- Periodicals   4
Neurons -- physiology.   89
Neurons -- Physiology -- Laboratory manuals   2
Neurons -- Physiology -- Mathematical models : Modeling electrochemical dynamics and signaling mechanisms in excitable cells with pathological case studies / Tetsuya Watanabe  2022 1
Neurons -- Research -- Methodology   2
 

Neurons, Sensory -- See Sensory Receptor Cells


Specialized afferent neurons capable of transducing sensory stimuli into NERVE IMPULSES to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Sometimes sensory receptors for external stimuli are called exteroceptors; for internal stimuli are called interoceptors and proprioceptors
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Neurons -- transplantation   2
Neurons -- ultrastructure : The functions, disease-related dysfunctions, and therapeutic targeting of neuronal mitochondria / edited by Valentin K. Gribkoff, Elizabeth A. Jonas, J. Marie Hardwick  2015 1
Neurooftalmologia. : Controversies in neuro-ophthalmic management : an evidence and case-based appraisal / Amanda D. Henderson, Andrew R. Carey, editors  2021 1
Neuroökonomie : Neuroeconomics, judgment, and decision making / edited by Evan A. Wilhelms, Valerie F. Reyna  2014 1
Neuroökonomik   3
 

Neuroophthalmological diagnosis -- See Neuroophthalmology Diagnosis


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Neuroophthalmologie : Neuro-ophthalmology / volume editors, Christopher Kennard and R. John Leigh  2011 1
  Neuroophthalmology -- 3 Related Subjects   3
Neuroophthalmology.   45
Neuroophthalmology -- Atlases   5
Neuroophthalmology -- Case studies.   8
Neuroophthalmology -- Congresses   2
Neuroophthalmology -- Decision making : Neuro-ophthalmology problem-solving : a practical and user-friendly guide / Jesse Halpern, Steven B. Flynn, Scott Forman  2009 1
Neuroophthalmology -- Diagnosis.   5
Neuroophthalmology -- Handbooks, manuals, etc : Neuro-ophthalmology review manual / Lanning B. Kline, Rod Foroozan, Frank J. Bajandas  2013 1
Neuroophthalmology -- Miscellanea. : Curbside consultation in neuro-ophthalmology : 49 clinical questions / editor, Andrew G. Lee ; associate editors, Paul W. Brazis, Lanning B. Kline  2009 1
Neuroophthalmology -- Periodicals   4
Neuroopthalmology : Practical neuroophthalmology / Timothy Martin, James Corbett  c2013 1
Neuroopthalmology -- Atlases : Atlas of neuro-ophthalmology / Thomas C. Spoor  2004 1
 

Neuropapillitides -- See Optic Neuritis


Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis)
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Neuropapillitis -- See Optic Neuritis


Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis)
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Neuropathic Bladder -- See Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic


Dysfunction of the URINARY BLADDER due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of URINATION. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES
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Neuropathic muscular atrophy -- See Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease


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Neuropathic Pain -- See Neuralgia


Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve
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Neuropathic Pains -- See Neuralgia


Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve
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Neuropathie. : Handbook of peripheral neuropathy / edited by Mark B. Bromberg, A. Gordon Smith  2005 1
 

Neuropathies, Acute Autoimmune -- See Guillain-Barre Syndrome


An acute inflammatory autoimmune neuritis caused by T cell- mediated cellular immune response directed towards peripheral myelin. Demyelination occurs in peripheral nerves and nerve roots. The process is often preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, surgery, immunization, lymphoma, or exposure to toxins. Common clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, loss of sensation, and loss of deep tendon reflexes. Weakness of respiratory muscles and autonomic dysfunction may occur. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1312-1314)
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Neuropathies, Brachial Plexus -- See Brachial Plexus Neuropathies


Diseases of the cervical (and first thoracic) roots, nerve trunks, cords, and peripheral nerve components of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical manifestations include regional pain, PARESTHESIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS, and decreased sensation (HYPESTHESIA) in the upper extremity. These disorders may be associated with trauma (including BIRTH INJURIES); THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; NEOPLASMS; NEURITIS; RADIOTHERAPY; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1351-2)
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Neuropathies, Congenital Sensory -- See Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies


A group of inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, pp142-4)
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Neuropathies, Cranial -- See Cranial Nerve Diseases


Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate
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Neuropathies, Diabetic -- See Diabetic Neuropathies


Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)
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Neuropathies, Diabetic Autonomic -- See Diabetic Neuropathies


Peripheral, autonomic, and cranial nerve disorders that are associated with DIABETES MELLITUS. These conditions usually result from diabetic microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves (VASA NERVORUM). Relatively common conditions which may be associated with diabetic neuropathy include third nerve palsy (see OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES); MONONEUROPATHY; mononeuropathy multiplex; diabetic amyotrophy; a painful POLYNEUROPATHY; autonomic neuropathy; and thoracoabdominal neuropathy. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1325)
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Neuropathies, Entrapment -- See Entrapment neuropathies


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Neuropathies, Facial -- See Facial Nerve Diseases


Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue, hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation
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Neuropathies, Familial Facial -- See Facial Nerve Diseases


Diseases of the facial nerve or nuclei. Pontine disorders may affect the facial nuclei or nerve fascicle. The nerve may be involved intracranially, along its course through the petrous portion of the temporal bone, or along its extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include facial muscle weakness, loss of taste from the anterior tongue, hyperacusis, and decreased lacrimation
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Neuropathies, Hereditary Sensory -- See Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies


A group of inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, pp142-4)
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Neuropathies, Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic -- See Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies


A group of inherited disorders characterized by degeneration of dorsal root and autonomic ganglion cells, and clinically by loss of sensation and autonomic dysfunction. There are five subtypes. Type I features autosomal dominant inheritance and distal sensory involvement. Type II is characterized by autosomal inheritance and distal and proximal sensory loss. Type III is DYSAUTONOMIA, FAMILIAL. Type IV features insensitivity to pain, heat intolerance, and mental deficiency. Type V is characterized by a selective loss of pain with intact light touch and vibratory sensation. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1995, Ch51, pp142-4)
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Neuropathies, Ischemic Optic -- See Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic


Ischemic injury to the OPTIC NERVE which usually affects the OPTIC DISK (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLISM; DIABETES MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed, p135)
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Neuropathies, Multiple Cranial -- See Cranial Nerve Diseases


Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate
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