This report presents an overview of the situation regarding tobacco use and related harm in the WHO European Region during the period 2002 2006 and of Member States policy responses and implementation of national tobacco control measures in line with the recommendations of the ESTC. The report also examines the status of policies in countries in the light of the requirements of the WHO FCTC. Several short national, regional and subregional case studies illustrate the lessons learned and challenges faced during the policy-making process