| Description |
1 online resource |
| Contents |
Tables and Figures -- Glossary and Abbreviations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Changing Care for Orphans -- Purpose of the Research -- Structure of the Book -- Part I Alternative Care and the Chinese Welfare State -- Chapter 2 Alternative Care Theory and Practice -- Alternative Care Laws and Theory -- Definitions of Alternative Care for Orphans -- Principles of Good Alternative Care -- Governing Alternative Care -- Preventing the Need for Alternative Care -- Trends in Alternative Care -- Conclusion on Alternative Care Theory and Practice -- Chapter 3 Research Methods and Sites -- National Census of Orphans -- National Sample Survey of State Child Welfare Institutions -- In-depth Research Sites -- Research Limitations -- Chapter 4 Welfare System in China -- Demographic, Economic, and Political Context -- Organizations of Child Welfare -- Child Welfare System Legislation -- Welfare Services for Orphans, People with Disabilities, and Older People -- Social Security Provision to Children -- Health Care -- School Education -- Family Planning -- Conclusion About Child Welfare in China -- Chapter 5 Alternative Care in China -- Forms of Alternative Care in China -- Historical Development of the Formal System of Alternative Care -- Impact of Economic Reforms on Alternative Care -- Child Welfare Institutions Policy Changes -- Foster Care Policy Changes -- Non-government Children's Welfare Services -- Conclusion About Alternative Care in China -- Part II Case Studies of Alternative Care in China -- Chapter 6 National Census Profile of Chinese Orphans -- Profile of orphans in China -- Reasons for Becoming Orphaned -- Alternative Care for Orphans in China -- State Social Security Provision to Orphans -- Summary of National Census of Orphans -- Chapter 7 State Child Welfare Institutions -- Orphans in the Care of State Child Welfare Institutions |
|
Forms of Alternative Care Managed by State Child Welfare Institutions -- Support Workers in Institutions -- Foster Families -- Conclusion about State Child Welfare Institutions -- Chapter 8 De-institutionalization of State Alternative Care -- De-institutionalization -- Social Exclusion and Market Transition -- De-institutionalization in the Three Cities -- De-institutionalization and the Emergence of a New Child Welfare System -- Fostering in Urban Families, Urban Communities, and Rural Communities -- Financial Basis of the Three Administrative Models -- Conclusion About De-institutionalization of Alternative Care -- Chapter 9 Kinship Care in Rural China -- Research Methods -- Kinship Care and Residual Social Policies -- Gender Bias of Kinship Care -- Exclusion of Mothers from Caring for Children -- Kinship Care Risks to Children's Rights -- Family Networks and Rural Communities -- Conclusion About Kinship Care in Rural China -- Chapter 10 Kinship Care in Urbanizing Rural Communities -- Research Sites and Methods -- Profile of Orphans -- Social Support for Orphans -- Kinship Care Families -- Outcomes of Children in Kinship Care -- Conclusion About Kinship Care in Urbanizing Rural Communities -- Chapter 11 Caring for Orphans in a Rural Migrant Worker Area -- Research Sites -- Profile of Tianzhen Orphans -- Social Support to Orphans in Tianzhen -- Forms of Alternative Care and Impact on Children -- Child Outcomes -- Conclusion about Kinship Care in Rural Migrant Areas -- Chapter 12 Kinship Care in an Autonomous Region -- Profile of Orphans in Xinjiang -- Social Support to Orphans -- Alternative Care in Xinjiang -- Impact of Support on Orphans in Xinjiang -- Conclusion about Kinship Care in Autonomous Regions -- Chapter 13 Foster Mother Villages -- Research Methods -- Increase in the Number of Orphans in Datong |
|
Historical Development of the Datong Social Welfare Institution -- Institutional Care in Datong -- Foster Care and Foster Mother Villages -- Education and Training -- Health Care and Rehabilitation -- Urban Adult Orphans From Foster Mother Villages -- Conclusion About Foster Mother Villages -- Chapter 14 Non-government Children's Welfare Institutions -- Research Methods -- Background to Non-government Institutional Care -- Bright Children's Institution -- Government Regulator of NGO Legal Status -- Financial Resources -- Quality of Care -- Conclusion About Non-government Institutional Care -- Chapter 15 Supporting Children Affected by HIV -- Research Methods -- Communities with HIV Infection and Affected Children -- Economic Impact of HIV on Families -- Social Impact of HIV on Children -- Needs of Children Affected by HIV -- Government Support for Children in HIV Areas -- Challenges Facing the Government and Communities -- Conclusion About Children in HIV Affected Areas -- Part III Future Directions for Alternative Care in China -- Chapter 16 Implications for Alternative Care of Orphans in China -- Toward a Mixed Child Welfare System -- Child Welfare Service Gaps -- Formalization of Alternative Care in China -- Principles of Good Alternative Care -- Law and Governance of Alternative Care -- Appendix Fieldwork Details -- References -- Authors |
| Summary |
International media regularly features horrific stories about Chinese orphanages, especially when debating international adoption and human rights. Much of the popular information is dated and ill-informed about the experiences of most orphans in China today, Chinese government policy, and improvements evident in parts of China. Informal kinship care is the most common support for the orphaned children. The state supports orphans and abandoned children whose parents and relatives cannot be found or contacted. The book explores concrete examples about the changing experiences and future directions of Chinese child welfare policy. It is about the support to disadvantaged children, including abandoned children in the care of the state, most of whom have disabilities; HIV affected children; and orphans in kinship care. It identifies how many orphans are in China, how they are supported, the extent to which their rights are met, and what efforts are made to improve their rights and welfare provision. When our research about Chinese orphans started in 2001, these children were almost entirely voiceless. Since then, the Chinese government has committed to improving child welfare. We argue that a mixed welfare system, in which state provision supplements family and community care, is an effective direction to improve support for orphaned children. Government needs to take responsibility to guarantee orphans' rights as children, and support family networks to provide care so that children can grow up in their own communities. The book contributes to academic and policy understanding of the steps that have been taken and are still required to achieve the goal of a child welfare system in China that meets the rights of orphans to live and thrive with other children in a family |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| Subject |
Orphans -- China
|
|
Orphans -- Services for -- China
|
|
Child welfare -- China
|
|
Orphanages -- China
|
|
POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Public Policy -- Social Security.
|
|
POLITICAL SCIENCE -- Public Policy -- Social Services & Welfare.
|
|
Child welfare
|
|
Orphanages
|
|
Orphans
|
|
Orphans -- Services for
|
|
China
|
| Form |
Electronic book
|
| Author |
Fisher, Karen R., author.
|
| ISBN |
9780739136966 |
|
0739136968 |
|
