| Description |
1 online resource (xxiii, 543 pages) |
| Series |
International library of ethics, law and the new medicine ; 47 |
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International library of ethics, law, and the new medicine ; 47.
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| Contents |
Note continued: 4.7. Types of Causality -- 4.8. Summary -- References -- 5. Ethics and Non-ethics -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Naturalistic Theory of Ethics -- 5.3. What Is Ethics in Actual Usage? -- 5.4. Ethics and Morals: An Unethical Society -- 5.5. Value Contradictions -- 5.6. Examples of Contradictions -- 5.7. On Being Non-ethical and Anti-Inquiry -- 5.8. Brief Conclusion -- 5.9. Ethics Text for British Medical Schools -- 5.10. Case Example: Medicine and Dysfunctional Culture (Made Available by Dr Wolf Michael Luetje, Head of the Women's Hospital Viersee in Germany) -- 5.11. Case Example: Military Medical Service as Contradictory to Medical Practice -- 5.12. Insensitivity to Killing: The Failure to be Embarrassed -- 5.13. Case Example: On Sensitivity -- 5.14. Case Example: Tsunami Disaster and Cultural Irresponsibility -- 5.15. Case Example: Culture and Family as Anti-Medicine: Female Circumcision -- References -- 6. Medicotheology and Biotheology -- 6.1. Introduction: How Many People Have Religious Beliefs? -- 6.2. Influence of Religion on Bioethics and Medicine -- 6.3. Church Opposition to Medicine -- 6.4. Should Medicine Be Based on Supernaturalism? -- 6.5. Science and Metaphysical Causes? -- 6.6. Case Example: Religion and Autonomy -- 6.7. Religion Versus Medicine: A Common Ground? -- 6.8. Religion as Ethics -- 6.9. Ethics Committees -- 6.10. Humanism Versus Religion -- 6.11. Absolute Religious Ethics Versus Consequentialism -- 6.12. Case Example: Deprogramming Religion in Medicine -- 6.13. Case Example: A Real Woman -- 6.14. Person as a Soul -- 6.15. Sanctity-of-Life (Human) -- 6.16. General Observations Regarding the Value of Human Life -- 6.17. Contradictions Regarding the Sanctity-of-Life Doctrine -- 6.18. Selected Arguments from the Philosophy of Religion -- 6.19. Prayer as Medical Treatment -- References |
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Note continued: 7. Emotion In Medicine -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Case Example: Non-mental Associations Provide Complexity to Cognitions -- 7.3. Emotion Not an Internal State -- 7.4. Emotions Can Be Changed -- 7.5. Happy Stoics: Passionate Rational Emotion -- 7.6. Virtually All Judgments Involve Emotion -- 7.7. Emotion Can Change with Bodily Feeling -- 7.8. Emotion Is Not Passive -- 7.9. Emotions Are Unique -- 7.10. Rejection of the Release Theory of Emotions -- 7.11. Case Example: Emotion Requires Assessment -- 7.12. Negative Emotions Are Philosophical Language Fallacies -- 7.13. Some Traditional Examples of Philosophy of Language Fallacies -- 7.14. Pity -- 7.15. Hope and Humor -- 7.16. Case Example: Patients' Negative Emotions -- 7.17. Can Emotions Be Reduced to Physiology? -- 7.18. How Are Diseases and Emotions Classified? -- 7.19. Case Example: Legal Recognition of Emotional Harm -- 7.20. Brief Summary of the Cognitive Theory of Emotion -- 7.21. Case Example: the Cognitions Involved in the Emotion of Interest -- References -- 8. Enlightened Versus Normative Management: Ethics versus Morals -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Requirements for Good Management -- 8.3. Special Section on Overwork: A Failed Metaphor of the Medical System -- 8.3.1. Introduction -- 8.3.2. How Many Hours Do Physicians, Nurses and Healthcare Workers Work? -- 8.3.3. Attempts to Limit the Number of Work Hours -- 8.3.4. Do Physicians and Nurses Also Cause the Problems of Overwork? -- 8.3.5. What Is the Effect of Overwork? -- 8.3.6. Overwork Harms Health of Staff -- 8.3.7. Overwork Increases Sick Leave -- 8.3.8. Overwork Causes Stress and Burnout and Addictions -- 8.3.9. Overwork and Suicide -- 8.3.10. Overwork Causes Loss of Quality of Life -- 8.3.11. Overwork Is a Causes of Negative Emotions -- 8.3.12. Overwork Causes Loss of Interest in Medical Practice |
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Note continued: 8.3.13. What Is the Legal Result of Overwork? -- 8.3.14. Denial that Healthcare Workers Overwork and/or that It Is Harmful -- 8.3.15. Is There Evidence for the Harm of Overwork? -- References -- 9. Care: A Critique of the Ethics and Emotion of Care -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Care Theories -- 9.3. Word-Field Meanings of Caring -- 9.3.1. Introduction -- 9.3.2. Synonyms and Word-Field of the Term "Caring" -- 9.4. Irrational Forms of Caring (See Also Empathy and Sympathy) -- 9.5. Cognitive-Emotive Theory of Caring -- 9.5.1. Feeling -- 9.5.2. Caring Is a Value Cognition Causing Feeling [Caring=(Cognition> Feeling)] -- 9.5.3. Caring Is on Positive Cognitions -- 9.5.4. Emotions Can Be Chaned -- 9.5.5. We Cause Our Emotions: Caring Is Caused by Ourselves -- 9.5.6. Passionate Stoics: Rational Emotion, Rational Caring -- 9.5.7. Negative Emotion changes with Feeling -- 9.5.8. Negative Emotion Is Not Passive -- 9.5.9. Each Emotion of Caring is Unique -- 9.5.10. Rejection of the Release Theory of Caring -- 9.5.11. Judgments Generally Involve Emotion -- 9.5.12. Metaemotion -- 9.6. Caring and Negative Emotions -- 9.7. Mutuality of Caring -- 9.8. Patient's Hippocratic Oath -- 9.9. Empathy and Caring -- 9.10. Summary -- References -- 10. Egoism and Altruism in Medicine -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Common Definition of Altruism and Egoism -- 10.3. Definitions of Altruism -- 10.4. Definitions of Egoism -- 10.5. Analysis of the Word-Fields of Altruism and Egoism -- 10.5.1. Word-Field of Altruism -- 10.5.2. Word-Field of Egoism -- 10.6. Altruism Versus Egoism -- 10.7. Problem of the Self -- 10.8. Ethical Basis of Altruism and Egoism -- 10.8.1. General Remarks -- 10.8.2. Utilitarian Altruism -- 10.8.3. Ayn Rand's Objectivist Egoism -- 10.8.4. Ordinary Language Basis of Altruism and Egoism |
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Note continued: 10.9. Altruism and Egoism as Emotions -- 10.9.1. Altruistic and Egoistic Emotions Are Not Mere Bodily Feelings -- 10.9.2. Altruism and Egoism Are Cognitions Causing Bodily Feelings [26] -- 10.9.3. Emotions of Altruism and Egoism Can Be Changed -- 10.9.4. Altruism and Egoism Are Based on Value Cognitions -- 10.10. Sympathy -- 10.11. Selfishness -- 10.12. Rational Altruism and Egoism -- 10.13. Summary -- References -- 11. Letting Die -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Misuse of Ethical Terms -- 11.3. Criteria for Preferential Treatment: Non-contradiction -- 11.4. Case Example: Oregon Healthcare Prioritizing -- 11.5. What About Self-Caused Illness and How to Determine? -- 11.6. Hippocratic Oath: Pacifism in Medicine? -- 11.7. Should We Kill X to Save Y? The Numbers Game -- 11.8. Allowing Death=Killing=Murder -- 11.9. Letting-Die and the Samaritan -- 11.10. Albert Schweitzer on Reverence for Life -- 11.11. Negative Emotions Kill and Let Die -- 11.12. Lack of Organs for Transplantation as a Form of Letting Die -- 11.13. Suicide and Euthanasia -- 11.14. Conclusion -- Reference -- 12. Critique of Autonomy and Patient Responsibility -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Criticisms of the Principle of Autonomy -- 12.3. Patient Responsibility and a Patient Code of Ethics -- 12.4. Patient Duties -- 12.5. Case Report: Patient and Legal Irresponsibility -- References -- 13. Philosophy and Ethics of the Body -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Definition of Philosophy and Body -- 13.3. Scientific Method: Medicine as a Science -- 13.4. Naturalistic Ethics of the Body -- 13.5. Value of Life in Terms of the Body -- 13.6. Mind -- 13.7. Self as a Language Construct -- 13.8. Un-philosophical Body -- 13.9. Outward Physical Appearances: Beauty -- 13.10. Face -- 13.11. Body as a Whole and Body Parts: Organs and Transplantation Medicine |
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Note continued: 13.12. Reproduction of Bodies? -- 13.13. Leib: Living to the Full -- 13.14. Philosophical Body: The Body as an Aesthetic Whole -- 13.15. Summary of the Ethics of the Body -- References -- 14. Organ Donation: Mandatory Organ Donation Declaration -- 14.1. How Many People Need Organs? -- 14.2. Death Requirement -- 14.3. Opposition to Organ Donation -- 14.4. Support of Organ Donation -- 14.5. Presumed Organ Donation -- 14.6. Family Approval as an Adverse Policy -- 14.7. Recommendations for Obtaining Organs for Transplantation -- 14.7.1. Lottery -- 14.7.2. Economic Incentive Approach -- 14.7.3. Irresponsible Lifestyles and Organ Preference -- 14.7.4. Mandatory Organ Donation Declaration -- References -- 15. Embryonic Stem Cell Research: A Question of Beliefs? -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. Definitions and Clarifications of Morals and Ethics -- 15.3. Facts and Beliefs About Stem Cells -- 15.3.1. What We Already Know About Stem Cells -- 15.3.2. Promise of Stem Cell Research in General -- 15.4. Controversy About What an Embryo Is -- 15.4.1. Definitions -- 15.4.2. Embryonic Development in Its Context -- 15.4.3. Moral Status Ascribed to an Embryo -- 15.4.4. Life Is Not Just Life: When Is a Human a Human? -- 15.5. Ethical Issues in Stem Cell Research -- 15.5.1. How to Perform an Ethical Examination? -- 15.5.2. Inquiry into Language -- 15.5.3. Abortion Argument All Over Again? -- 15.5.4. Adult Stem Cell Research-an Alternative to Embryonic Stem Cell Research? Other Alternative? -- 15.5.5. IVF "Left Over" Embroyos Versus "Created for Research" Embryos -- 15.5.6. Public Funding? -- 15.5.7. Ethical Challenge of Research -- 15.6. Conclusions: Humaine Medicine -- Medicine for Suffering People -- References -- 16. Philosophy of Prevention -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. Analysis of Prevention |
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Note continued: 16.3. Unethical Behavior and Irresponsible Lifestyles -- 16.4. Lifestyle as Philosophical and Critical Thinking -- 16.5. Areas of Prevention -- 16.5.1. Education: The Greatest Preventative of Disorder -- 16.5.2. Cancer Prevention -- 16.5.3. AIDS -- 16.5.4. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) -- 16.5.5. Lack of Exercise: The Obvious Escapes Us -- 16.5.6. Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) -- 16.5.7. Longevity -- 16.5.8. Death and Disease -- 16.5.9. Hand-Washing: The Obvious Escapes Us Again -- 16.5.10. Drugs and Toxins -- 16.6. Hidden Prevention possibilities -- 16.7. Summary -- References -- 17. Ethics Counseling: Philosophy of Medicine Counseling Instead of Medical Ethics Counseling -- 17.1. Introduction -- 17.2. What is Ethics Counseling (EC)? -- 17.2.1. Task Force on Standards of Biothics Consultation (USA) -- 17.2.2. Basic Ethical Principles in European Bioethics and Biolaw -- 17.3. Criticism of Bioethical Principlism -- 17.4. Case Method of Clinical Ethics -- 17.5. Holistic Philosophy of Medicine -- 17.6. Brief Description of Dewey's Pragmatism and Naturalistic Ethics -- 17.7. Humanism Contains Many of the Elements of Contemporary Definitions of Philosophical Practice (PP) -- 17.8. Present Definitions and Methods of Philosophical Counseling (PC) are Too Restrictive -- 17.9. Philosophical Counseling or Philosophical Practice (PP) -- 17.10. Proposal to Change the Title of Philosophical Practice to Philosophy Education -- 17.11. Philosophy Practitioner and Emotion -- 17.12. Summary -- References -- 18. Medical Language: The Ordinary Language Approach -- 18.1. Introduction -- 18.2. Formal Logic as a Pseudo-Logical Failure -- 18.3. Formal Logic as Irrelevant to Thought, Reason and Emotion -- 18.4. Formal Logic as Irrelevent to Ethics or Bioethics -- 18.5. Formal Logic as a Formal Fallacy |
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Note continued: 18.6. Formal Logic as a Fallacy of Abstractionism -- 18.7. Arrogance of Logicians -- 18.8. Formal Logic Reduces Language to Mathematics -- 18.9. Formal Logic as a Faulty View of Meaning -- 18.10. "Propositions": A Pseudo-Logical Term -- 18.11. Formal Logic as Dogmatism and Misuse of Symbols -- 18.12. Formal Logic Misuses the Term "Truth" -- 18.13. Useless Syllogism -- 18.14. Formal Logic is Not Philosophy -- 18.15. Primacy of Ordinary Language and Pragmatism -- 18.16. Formal Logic Excludes Metaphor and Creative Language -- References -- 19. Critique of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM): Evidence-Based Medicine and Philosophy-Based Medicine -- 19.1. Does EBM Really Meet the Challenge of Modern Medicine? -- 19.2. What is the View of Evidence in EBM -- Is It Left Undefined? -- 19.3. EBM as Statistics -- 19.4. EBM Often Investigates the Obvious and Trivial -- 19.5. EBM Bears the Risk of Overgeneralization -- 19.6. EBM Is Often Unintelligibly Complex -- 19.7. EBM Is Often Too Abstractionistic -- 19.8. EBM as Appeal to Authority Fallacy -- 19.9. EBM and the Individual Case and Context -- 19.10. Uncritical use of EBM and Clinical Experience -- 19.11. EBM Often Excludes Relevant Causes and Variables -- 19.12. EBM Has Limited Self-Criticism -- 19.13. EBM and Psychiatry -- 19.14. EBM and Human Emotions -- 19.15. EBM and Ethics -- 19.16. EBM Depersonalizes -- 19.17. EBM Text Reviews -- 19.17.1. Evidence-Based Spirituality -- 19.17.2. EBM and Practical Medicine -- 19.17.3. Evidence-Based Nursing -- 19.17.4. EBM and Logic -- 19.17.5. EBM and Gender Medicine -- 19.18. EBM and Rational Medicine -- 19.19. EBM, Psychosomatics and Philosophy -- 19.20. EBM and the Problem of the Placebo -- 19.21. "Philosophy of Medicine" -- Based Medicine Instead of Only "Evidence" -- Based Medicine -- References -- 20. Lying in Medicine |
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Note continued: 20.1. Introduction -- 20.2. Definitions of Lying -- 20.3. New Theory of Lying -- 20.4. Self-Lie -- 20.5. Consequences of Lying -- 20.6. Logic of Flattery: Beneficial Lying -- 20.7. Hypocrisy -- References -- 21. Rhetoric of Death and Dying -- 21.1. Definitions of Death -- 21.1.1. General Definitions -- 21.1.2. Medical-Psychological Definitions of Death -- 21.1.3. Death and Abortion -- 21.2. Death: The Literature -- 21.2.1. Poet's View -- 21.2.2. Wittgenstein on Death -- 21.3. Dying -- 21.3.1. Cognitive-Emotive Theory -- 21.3.2. Cognitive-Emotive Theory of Grief and Bereavement -- 21.4. Philosophy of Religion -- 21.4.1. Views in Theology -- 21.4.2. Old Testament -- 21.4.3. New Testament -- 21.5. Humanism -- 21.6. Rhetoric of Death Using the Metaphorical Method -- 21.6.1. Introduction to the Metaphorical Method -- 21.6.2. Rhetorical Techniques for the Exploration of the Concept -- 21.7. Death and Medical Profession -- 21.8. Final Personal Remarks -- References |
| Summary |
This book challenges the unchallenged methods in medicine, such as 'evidence-based medicine, ' which claim to be, but often are not, scientific. It completes medical care by adding the comprehensive humanistic perspectives and philosophy of medicine. No specific or absolute recommendations are given regarding medical treatment, moral approaches, or legal advice. Given rather is discussion about each issue involved and the strongest arguments indicated. Each argument is subject to further critical analysis. This is the same position as with any philosophical, medical or scientific view. The argu |
| Bibliography |
Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Notes |
Print version record |
| In |
Springer eBooks |
| Subject |
Medicine -- Philosophy.
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Medicine -- Practice.
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Medical ethics.
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Bioethics.
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Bioethical Issues
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Decision Making -- ethics
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Evidence-Based Medicine -- ethics
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Philosophy, Medical
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Ethics, Medical
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MEDICAL -- Family & General Practice.
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MEDICAL -- Osteopathy.
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MEDICAL -- Atlases.
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MEDICAL -- Holistic Medicine.
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HEALTH & FITNESS -- Reference.
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MEDICAL -- Essays.
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MEDICAL -- Alternative Medicine.
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HEALTH & FITNESS -- Holism.
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Bioethics
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Medical ethics
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Medicine -- Philosophy
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Medicine -- Practice
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| Form |
Electronic book
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| Author |
Shibles, Warren A.
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| ISBN |
9789048188673 |
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9048188679 |
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9048188660 |
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9789048188666 |
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