Title Contrast sensitivity of the human eye and its effects on image quality / Peter G.J. Barten

Published Bellingham, Wash. : SPIE, 1999

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Description 1 online resource (xix, 208 pages) : illustrations Series SPIE Press monograph ; PM72 SPIE monograph ; PM72 Contents 1. Introduction -- References -- 2. Modulation threshold and noise -- Introduction -- Psychometric function -- Basic properties of image noise -- Effect of noise on modulation threshold -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 3. Model for the spatial contrast sensitivity of the eye -- Introduction -- Outline of the model -- Optical MTF -- Photon noise -- Neural noise -- Lateral inhibition -- Monocular vision versus binocular vision -- Complete model -- Comparison with measurements -- Measurements by DePalma and Lowry -- Measurements by Patel -- Measurements by Robson -- Measurements by van Nes and Bouman -- Measurements by Campbell and Robson -- Measurements by Watanabe et al. -- Measurements by Sachs et al. -- Measurements by van Meeteren and Vos -- Measurements by Howell and Hess -- Measurements by Virsu and Rovamo -- Measurements by Carlson -- Measurements by Rovamo et al. (1992) -- Measurements by Rovamo et al. (1993a) -- Measurements by Rovamo et al. (1993b) -- Survey of the measurements -- Summary and conclusions -- Appendix A. Photon conversion factor -- References 4. Extension of the contrast sensitivity model to extra -foveal vision -- Introduction -- Density distribution of retinal cells -- Geometrical relations -- Cone density distribution -- Rod density distribution -- Ganglion cell density distribution -- Effect of eccentricity on the different constants used in the model -- Effect of eccentricity on resolution -- Effect of eccentricity on neural noise -- Effect of eccentricity on lateral inhibition -- Effect of eccentricity on quantum efficiency -- Effect of eccentricity on the maximum integration area -- Comparison with measurements -- Measurements by Virsu and Rovamo -- Measurements by Robson and Graham -- Measurements by Kelly -- Measurements by Mayer and Tyler -- Measurements by Johnston -- Measurements by Pointer and Hess -- Survey of the measurements -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 5. Extension of the contrast sensitivity model to the temporal domain -- Introduction -- Generalization of the spatial contrast sensitivity model -- Temporal filter functions -- Spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity measurements -- Temporal contrast sensitivity measurements -- Effect of a surrounding field -- Effect of retinal illuminance and field size on the time constants -- Flicker sensitivity: Ferry-Porter law -- Temporal impulse response -- Summary and conclusions -- Reference 6. Effect of nonwhite spatial noise on contrast sensitivity -- Introduction -- Model for the masking effect of nonwhite spatial noise -- Measurements with narrow noise bands by Stromeyer and Julesz -- Measurements with nonwhite noise by van Meeteren and Valeton -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 7. Contrast discrimination model -- Introduction -- Evaluation of the psychometric function -- Evaluation of the contrast discrimination model -- Comparison with contrast discrimination measurements -- Generalized contrast discrimination model -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 8. Image quality measure -- Introduction -- Nonlinear effect of modulation -- Image quality metrics -- Modulation transfer area (MTFA) -- Integrated contrast sensitivity (ICS) -- Subjective quality factor (SQF) -- Discriminable difference diagram (DDD) -- Square-root integral (SQRI) -- Two-dimensional aspects -- Functional analysis of image quality metrics -- Effect of differently shaped MTFs -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- 9. Effect of various parameters on image quality -- Introduction -- Resolution and image size -- Luminance and image size -- Anisotropic resolution -- Viewing distance, display size, and number of scan lines size -- Contrast -- Gamma -- Noise -- Pixel density and luminance quantization -- Summary and conclusions -- References -- Epilogue -- Subject index Summary This book examines contrast sensitivity of the human visual system--concerning the eye's ability to distinguish objects from each other or from the background--and its effects on the image-forming process. The text provides equations for determining various aspects of contrast sensitivity, in addition to models (mathematical expressions) that can easily be adapted for practical applications Notes "SPIE digital library." Originally published: Knegsel : HV Press, 1999 doctoral Technische Universiteit Eindhoven 1999 Bibliography Includes bibliographical references and index Notes Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 MiAaHDL digitized 2010 HathiTrust Digital Library committed to preserve pda MiAaHDL Subject Contrast sensitivity (Vision) -- Mathematical models Contrast sensitivity (Vision) Mathematics. Mathematical models. Contrast Sensitivity -- physiology Contrast Sensitivity Mathematics Models, Theoretical mathematics. applied mathematics. mathematical models. MEDICAL -- Physiology. SCIENCE -- Life Sciences -- Human Anatomy & Physiology. Mathematics Mathematical models Contrast sensitivity (Vision) Perception visuelle -- Modèles mathématiques. Optique physiologique. Genre/Form dissertations. Academic theses Academic theses. Thèses et écrits académiques. Form Electronic book Author Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers ISBN 9780819478498 0819478490

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